1. Localization of renin in rat and mouse brain was determined by immunohistochemical methods with specific anti-renin antibodies. 2. Renin-containing neuronal cells were found in the medulla oblongata, cerebellar nuclei and hypothalamus. Purkinje cells contained renin. 3. Glia-like cells contained renin. Some of them are closely associated with vascular walls and these vascular walls were reni...

We studied the relative rates of release of active and inactive renin by the kidney in anesthetized pigs. Renin concentration was determined in arterial and renal venous plasma as follows: (1) before and after stimulation of renin release with isoproterenol or furosemide, (2) after suppression of renin release by extracellular fluid volume expansion, and (3) after administration of propranolol ...

We have investigated the relative importance of renal renin stores and de novo synthesis during stimulation of renin secretion and the role of transcription and posttranscriptional factors in providing increased synthesis of renin. When enalapril was administered to previously untreated mice, plasma renin concentration increased 40-fold within 1.5 hours, and remained at a high level for the 8 d...

Renin is a glycoprotein that is heterogeneous with respect to carbohydrate content and net charge. In an attempt to clarify the role of renin isoelectric heterogeneity in renal renin storage and secretion, the isoelectric profile of renal renin, secreted renin, and circulating renin were directly assessed and compared under basal and stimulated conditions by the use of an in vivo blood perfused...

Renin is the critical regulatory enzyme for production of angiotensin (Ang)-II, a potent vasoconstrictor involved in regulating blood pressure and in the pathogenesis of hypertension. Chronic sodium deprivation enhances renin secretion from the kidney, due to recruitment of additional cells from the afferent renal microvasculature to become renin-producing rather than just increasing release fr...

Normal plasma contains inactive renin, which becomes active when plasma is dialyzed to pH 3.3 and to pH 7.5, or treated with pepsin or trypsin. Under optimal conditions, each of these procedures activated the same quantity of renin, which was not further increased by repeating or combining two procedures, thus suggesting that the same pool of inactive renin was activated by each procedure. When...

Dialysis of plasma in pH 3.3 and then pH 7.5 is a method commonly used to activate plasma inactive renin. Endogenous plasma kallikrein has been shown to participate in activation during neutral dialysis. The present studies demonstrate that plasma inactive renin is fully activated following dialysis to pH 3.3 at 10 degrees C. Activation by low pH is a reversible process when followed by titrati...

The renin-angiotensin system is a major regulatory system controlling extracellular fluid volume and blood pressure. The rate-limiting enzyme in this hormonal cascade is renin, which is synthesized and secreted into the circulation by renal juxtaglomerular (JG) cells. The renal baroreceptor is a key physiologic regulator of renin secretion, whereby a change in renal perfusion pressure is sensed...

We previously identified aldo-keto reductase 1b7 (AKR1B7) as a marker for juxtaglomerular renin cells in the adult mouse kidney. However, the distribution of renin cells varies dynamically, and it was unknown whether AKR1B7 maintains coexpression with renin in response to different developmental, physiological, and pathological situations, and furthermore, whether similar factor(s) simultaneous...

This study was designed to determine particular changes in the renin gene expression and activity in renal cortex and medulla after AT(1) receptor blockade. It was found that two-week-treatment with AT(1) blocker losartan induced an increase in tissue renin activity in both parts of kidney causing subsequent elevation of plasma renin activity. Renin mRNA in losartan-treated rats was increased o...