objective: cyclosporine (cs), a cyclic undecapeptide with potent immunosuppressive activity, causes several adverse effects including reproductive toxicity. this study aims to examine the ability of crataegus monogyna aqueous fruit extract as an antioxidant to protect against cs-induced reproductive toxicity. materials and methods: in this experimental study, 32 adult male wistar rats were divi...

The use of quantum dots (QDots) as bright and photostable probes for long-term fluorescence imaging is gaining more interest. Thus far, (pre)clinical use of QDots remains limited, which is primarily caused by the potential toxicity of QDots. Most QDots consist of Cd2+ ions, which are known to cause high levels of toxicity. Therefore, the cytotoxic effects of CdSe quantum dots on embryonic devel...

Cadmium (Cd) is one of the most toxic environmental heavy metals to organisms. The prominent toxic effects of Cd on reproductive organs are very well known. Gonad histopathology is a valuable tool for the assessment of endocrine disruption compounds EDCs effects on fish. The aim of this study was to evaluate the reproductive toxicity of cadmium chloride (CdCl2) on histopathology of Zebrafish (D...

Reproductive toxicity of organic extracts of the surface water from the Tai section of the Yangtze River was assessed by in vitro cytotoxity assays and selected persistent organic pollutants including PCBs, OCPs and PAHs were quantified by instrumental analysis. Eleven of the US EPA priority PAHs were detected. Individual PAHs were found to range from 0.7 to 20 ng/L. Concentrations of BaP did n...

Reproductive toxicity is an important regulatory endpoint, which is required in registration procedures of chemicals used for different purposes (for example pesticides). The in vivo tests are expensive, time consuming and require large numbers of animals, which must be sacrificed. Therefore an effort is ongoing to develop alternative In vitro and in silico methods to evaluate reproductive toxi...

The Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) is an intergovernmental organisation in which representatives of 30 industrialised countries in North America, Europe and the Asia and Pacific region, as well as the European Commission, meet to coordinate and harmonise policies, discuss issues of mutual concern, and work together to respond to international problems. Most of the ...

Cyclophosphamide (CP) is a widely used cytotoxic alkylating agent with antitumor and immunosuppressant properties that is associated with various forms of reproductive toxicity. The significance of natural antioxidants of plant origin should be explored, especially in a world with increasing incidence of patients in need of chemotherapy. The neuro-endocrine effects of aqueous extract of Amarant...

Diesel exhaust particles (DEPs) are particulate matter from diesel exhaust that contain many toxic compounds, such as polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Some toxicities of PAH are thought to be expressed via aryl hydrocarbon receptors (AhRs). The male reproductive toxicity of DEPs might depend on AhR activation induced by PAHs. We hypothesized that AhR antagonists protect against the male reprod...

Results of a U.S.S.R.--U.S. cooperative laboratory effort to improve and validate experimental techniques used to assess subtle reproductive effects in male laboratory animals are reported. The present studies attempted to evaluate the reproductive toxicity of cadmium as cadmium chloride and boron as borax (Na2B4O7) and to investigate the mechanism of toxicity in the rat following acute and sub...