We propose an account of indirect forms of speech acts to request and inform based on the hypothesis that language users can recognize actions being performed by others, infer goals being sought, and cooperate in their achievement. This cooperative behaviour is independently motivated and may or may not be intended by speakers. If the hearer believes it is intended, he or she can recognize the ...

This paper examines the encoding of speech acts in KQML at length and in ANSI X12 briefly. KQML is a speech-act-based language developed with ARPA funding, and X12 is the American standard for electronic data interchange (EDI) message formats. I conclude that although speech act theory is highly relevant to electronic communication, the needs of computers are different from those of humans. Com...

Abstract: Over the last few decades, several aspects of pragmatic knowledge and its effects on teaching  and  learning  a  second  language  (L2)  have  been  explored  in  many  studies.  However, among  various  studies,  the  area  of  interlanguage  pragmatic  (ILP)  assessment  is  quite  novel issue and many features of it have remained unnoticed. As ILP assessment has received more atten...

abstract textbooks play an important role in english language teaching (elt), particularly in the english as a foreign language (efl) context where it provides the primary linguistic input. the present research was an attempt to comparatively evaluate the touchstone series in terms of compliment and complaint speech acts. four touchstone textbooks (book 1, book 2, book 3, and book 4) were selec...

The purpose of this study is to analyze Barack Obama's usage speech acts in "A More Perfect Union”. method used research qualitative research. data were collected and analyzed by collecting classifying the utterances that are relevant Searle’s theory on act’s classification. Based findings, researchers discover three directives, four commisives, fifteen representatives, one declarative, five ex...

the current study was carried out to investigate the functions of the ritual speech act of ‘ya allah’ (literally meaning ‘o god’) employed by iranians in social interactions. to this end, sixty-two persian native speakers of different age groups, ranging from 35 to 85, of both genders were observed in 250 natural situations such as daily interactions, gatherings, public or private places and lo...

This study investigated the impact of individual differences like language proficiency, gender and age on the Iranian EFL learners interlanguage pragmatics in institutional discourse especially, their capacity to recognize and to rate pragmatic and grammatical infelicities in speech act situations of request and apology.  To this end, one hundred and eighty-seven EFL university students at thre...

among topics in the field of pragmatics, some seem to be in a more rigorous need of investigation. pragmatic assessment and specifically the issue of pragmatic rating are among issues which deserve more thorough consideration. the purpose of this study was to examine rater criteria and its consistency and variability in the assessment of iranian efl learners’ production of compliments based on ...