Non-invasive diagnosis of fetal lung immaturity. Ultrasound gray level histogram width (GLHW) tissue characterization was studied in fetal lung. GLHW ratio of fetal lung and liver was multiplied by gestational weeks, and fetal lung immaturity was diagnosed, if the product was less than 29. Ninety six per cent of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) was predicted noninvasively in immatur...

Grover TR, Asikainen TM, Kinsella JP, Abman SH, White CW. Hypoxia-inducible factors HIF-1 and HIF-2 are decreased in an experimental model of severe respiratory distress syndrome in preterm lambs. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 292: L1345–L1351, 2007. First published February 16, 2007; doi:10.1152/ajplung.00372.2006.— Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) secondary to preterm birth and surfac...

First, out of 296 infants of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) requiring continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), a total of 150 infants required intubation for invasive ventilation and another 53 infants requiring intubation couldn’t be randomized due to nonavailability of designated ventilator. This means that there was a CPAP failure in 69% of the cases. Studies from India itself had sh...

Tracheal agenesis is an extremely rare congenital anomaly involving the respiratory system. It is generally associated with anomalies of other systems. Antenatal diagnosis of this condition is difficult; therefore, it presents as a medical emergency in the labor room. Intubation in these babies is difficult. As many of these babies are born prematurely, respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) adds ...

Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) among preterm infants is typically due to a quantitative deficiency of pulmonary surfactant. Aside from the degree of prematurity, diverse environmental and genetic factors can affect the development of RDS. The variance of the risk of RDS in various races/ethnicities or monozygotic/dizygotic twins has suggested genetic influences on this disorder. So far, se...

INTRODUCTION The innate immune system is the first line of host defense against invading microorganisms. In order to achieve this, neutrophils must be able both to circulate freely in the blood and to migrate as adherent cells into the extravascular tissues to phagocytose and kill invading microorganisms effectively. Most studies of neutrophil function have been conducted under conditions of am...

Background Infant respiratory distress syndrome (IRDS) is one of the main causes of serious complications and death in preterm infants. Both Nasal Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (NCPAP) and Nasal Intermittent Positive Pressure Ventilation (NIPPV) are known as the most common treatment strategies for IRDS. The present study intended to compare NCPAP and NIPPV in the treatment of preterm inf...

OBJECTIVES The aim of our study was to evaluate whether mild to moderate infant respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) treated with nasal continuous positive airway pressure (NCPAP) might affect the pulmonary function in school-aged children. MATERIAL AND METHODS 50 children, aged 10.2 +/- 2.8 years, with a history of RDS and 90 controls without a neonatal history of lung diseases, matched for a...