Rhinovirus type 16 was found to replicate in mouse L cells that express the viral receptor, human intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1). However, infection of these cells at a low multiplicity of infection leads to no discernible cytopathic effect, and low virus titers are produced. A variant virus, 16/L, was isolated after alternate passage of rhinovirus 16 between HeLa and ICAM-1 L cells...

BACKGROUND COPD is associated with increased numbers of T cells in the lungs, particularly CD8+ T cells. The mechanisms of increased T cells are unknown but may be related to repeated virus infections in COPD patients. We analysed lymphocyte subsets in blood and bronchoalveolar lavage in smokers and COPD subjects during experimental rhinovirus infections. METHODS Lymphocytes were isolated fro...

Twenty-one healthy, susceptible adult male volunteers were enrolled in a doubleblind study designed for evaluation of the prophylactic efficacy of ascorbic acid (3 g daily) in induced rhinovirus 44 infection of the upper respiratory tract. While in continuous isolation, 11 men received 1 g of ascorbic acid three times daily, and 10 men received a placebo for two weeks, after which an intranasal...

We have developed a technology for improving avidity by making bivalent, trivalent, or tetravalent recombinant polypeptides. We designed tripartite proteins consisting of the Fab fragment of an antibody fused with a hinge derived from human immunoglobulin D that was further linked to polymerization domains derived from human coiled-coil proteins. We report here on the application of this method...

Human rhinovirus and influenza virus infections of the upper airway lead to colds and the flu and can trigger exacerbations of lower airway diseases including asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Novel diagnostic and therapeutic targets are still needed to differentiate between the cold and the flu, since the clinical course of influenza can be severe while that of rhinovirus is us...

Rhinovirus is a common cause of upper and lower respiratory tract infections in adults, especially among the elderly and immunocompromised. Nevertheless, its clinical characteristics and mortality risks have not been well described. A retrospective analysis on a prospective cohort was conducted in a single teaching hospital center over a one-year period. We compared adult patients hospitalized ...

Introduction The majority of acute asthma exacerbations follow upper respiratory infections, and most are rhinovirus induced. The pathways by which a rhinovirus infection may lead to asthma development are still under scrutiny, but the role of bronchial epithelium in driving this mechanism has been considered of great importance. It has been shown that the epithelial derived cytokines IL25, IL3...

Rhinovirus infection is typically associated with the common cold and has rarely been reported as a cause of severe pneumonia in immunocompetent adults. A 55-year-old previous healthy woman, who consumed half a bottle of alcohol daily, presented with respiratory failure after one week of upper respiratory infection symptoms. Radiography revealed bilateral, diffuse ground glass opacity with patc...

Cryoelectron microscopy has been used to determine the structure of a virus when complexed with its glycoprotein cellular receptor. Human rhinovirus 16 complexed with the two amino-terminal, immunoglobulin-like domains of the intercellular adhesion molecule 1 shows that the intercellular adhesion molecule 1 binds into the 12-A deep "canyon" on the viral surface. This result confirms the predict...