This paper is a very lightly edited version of an article originally written in 1989 but never fully completed. We had planned a final section to make use of the ability to change at will between the Birman-Wenzl algebra, as given by generators and relations, and the geometric framework of the tangles, so as to look in more detail at the representation theory. One goal of our original approach ...

Using muons as a source of neutrinos can be traced back to 25 years ago but it is with the recent studies on muon colliders that this idea came back to the front of the stage. It was specifically discussed in a FNAL workshop (1997), a BNL workshop (1998) and a study group dedicated to that topic was set up at CERN in 1998. νFact99 appears as the conclusion of this preparatory work and is the fi...

There can be many reasons for engineers to place the footings near a slope such as leakage of suitable sites or architectural considerations. One of the approaches to increase the amount of bearing capacity, especially in soft soils, is adding stone columns to the soil. In this research, the behavior of a strip footing placed near a stone column reinforced clayey slope was investigated. For thi...

Large-diameter open caissons are an increasingly common means of constructing underground storage and attenuation tanks, as well launch reception shafts for tunnel-boring machines. A ‘cutting face’ at the base caisson wall, resembling inclined ring footing, is typically used to aid sinking phase. This paper describes a suite over 15 000 finite-element limit analyses exploring bearing capacity c...

in this paper, we study some ring theoretic properties of the amalgamated duplication ring $rbowtie i$ of a commutative noetherian ring $r$ along an ideal $i$ of $r$ which was introduced by d'anna and fontana. indeed, it is determined that when $rbowtie i$ satisfies serre's conditions $(r_n)$ and $(s_n)$, and when is a normal ring, a generalized cohen-macaulay ring and finally a filter ring.

in this paper, we introduce a class of $j$-quasipolar rings. let $r$ be a ring with identity. an element $a$ of a ring $r$ is called {it weakly $j$-quasipolar} if there exists $p^2 = pin comm^2(a)$ such that $a + p$ or $a-p$ are contained in $j(r)$ and the ring $r$ is called {it weakly $j$-quasipolar} if every element of $r$ is weakly $j$-quasipolar. we give many characterizations and investiga...

in this paper, we investigate various kinds of extensions of twin-good rings. moreover, we prove that every element of an abelian neat ring r is twin-good if and only if r has no factor ring isomorphic to z2  or z3. the main result of [24] states some conditions that any right self-injective ring r is twin-good. we extend this result to any regular baer ring r by proving that every element of a...

This paper presents a numerical study that utilizes finite element analysis under the plain strain condition performed on sand with isolated strip footing and two closely spaced footings above continuous void. The Bearing Capacity Ratio (BCR) efficiency factor ζγ were introduced to determine effect of void ultimate bearing capacity footing/s. influence various parameters including spacing (S/B)...