Let A be a local ring with 2 invertible. It is known that the localization of the cohomology ring H∗ ét(A,Z/2) with respect to the class (−1) ∈ H1 ét(A,Z/2) is isomorphic to the ring C(sperA,Z/2) of continuous Z/2-valued functions on the real spectrum of A. Let In(A) denote the powers of the fundamental ideal in the Witt ring of symmetric bilinear forms over A. The starting point of this articl...

The Lipschitz function algebras were first defined in the 1960s by some mathematicians, including Schubert. Initially, the Lipschitz real-value and complex-value functions are defined and quantitative properties of these algebras are investigated. Over time these algebras have been studied and generalized by many mathematicians such as Cao, Zhang, Xu, Weaver, and others. Let  be a non-emp...

Let $L$ be a completely regular frame and $mathcal{R}L$ be the ‎ring of continuous real-valued functions on $L$‎. ‎We show that the‎ ‎lattice $Zid(mathcal{R}L)$ of $z$-ideals of $mathcal{R}L$ is a‎ ‎normal coherent Yosida frame‎, ‎which extends the corresponding $C(X)$‎ ‎result of Mart'{i}nez and Zenk‎. ‎This we do by exhibiting‎ ‎$Zid(mathcal{R}L)$ as a quotient of $Rad(mathcal{R}L)$‎, ‎the‎ ‎...

In pointfree topology, a continuous real function on a frame L is a map L(R) → L from the frame of reals into L. The discussion of continuous real functions with possibly infinite values can be easily brought to pointfree topology by replacing the frame L(R) with the frame of extended reals L ( R ) (i.e. the pointfree counterpart of the extended real line R = R ∪ {±∞}). One can even deal with a...

We develop a notion of derivative of a real-valued function on a Banach space, called the L-derivative, which is constructed by introducing a generalization of Lipschitz constant of a map. As with the Clarke gradient, the values of the L-derivative of a function are non-empty weak* compact and convex subsets of the dual of the Banach space. The L-derivative, however, is shown to be upper semi c...

The set of interval Hausdorff continuous functions constitutes the largest space preserving basic algebraic and topological structural properties of continuous functions, such as linearity, ring structure, Dedekind order completeness, etc. Spaces of interval functions have important applications not only in the construction of numerical methods and algorithms, but to problems in abstract areas ...

The lattice of z-ideals of the ring C(X) of real-valued continuous functions on a completely regular Hausdorff space X has been shown by Mart́ınez and Zenk to be a complete Heyting algebra with certain properties. We show that these properties are due only to the fact that C(X) is an f -ring with bounded inversion. This we do by studying lattices of algebraic z-ideals of abstract f -rings with b...

Introduction. Let Y be a connected, noncompact Riemann surface, and let A be the ring of all analytic functions on Y. It is known that the ideal theory of the ring A is strikingly similar to the ideal theory of the ring C(X) of all real valued continuous functions on a completely regular topological space X. We show that locally much of the ideal theory of A can be recovered from the ideal theo...

It is well known that a commutative ring R is complemented (that is, given a ∈ R there exists b ∈ R such that ab = 0 and a + b is a regular element) if an only if the total ring of quotients of R is von Neumann regular. We consider generalizations of the notion of a complemented ring and their implications for the total ring of quotients. We then look at the specific case when the ring is a rin...