This paper provides a history of the development Harold Hochman and James Rodgers’ (1969) theory Pareto optimal redistribution, which modeled income transfers as public good. redistribution provided an economic efficiency case for policy. After reviewing emergence at University Virginia its elaboration Urban Institute in early 1970s, describes M. Buchanan’s efforts to grapple with his colleague...

Holistic nursing care is widely advocated and is espoused in the philosophy of the South African Nursing Council. This concept is unclear, variously interpreted and poorly understood in paediatric nursing. This study was undertaken to examine the meaning of holistic nursing care and to develop a framework for holistic nursing care, which can be utilised in nurse education settings and in clinic...

in recent year, the evolutionary structural optimization (eso) method, has been applied as an effective tool for structures design. the concept of eso method is to use the finite element  results in each iteration of process and removal of inefficient material based on these results. in this method there are several experimental parameters such as rejection rate and evolutionary rate that are e...

ions that are composed of unchanging and essential elements or objects (Rodgers, 2000b). This view, subsequently, gained considerable sway through philosophers such as Descartes, Locke and Kant. Although their complex individual philosophies fundamentally differed, in that they disagreed as to whether concepts were innate or arose from experience, they all purported that they are mental entitie...

In textile industry, marker planning is one of the main operations in the cutting fabric stage. Marker packing is usually used to maximize cloth exploitation and minimize its waste. In this research, a method is used based on new found meta-heuristic imperialist competitive algorithm (ICA) and Bottom-Left-Fill Algorithm (BLF) to achieve optimal marker packing. Function of the proposed method wa...

[1] Deformation in the northern San Francisco Bay area is dominated by a series of sub-parallel strike-slip faults. Existing GPS observations provide some constraint on the slip rates of these faults, however these have only limited resolution for resolving shallow fault behavior, such as brittle creep. We use a 30 image Permanent Scatterer InSAR (PS-InSAR) dataset spanning the time interval 19...