In Parts of Classes David Lewis attempts to draw a sharp contrast between mereology and set theory and he tries to assimilate mereology to logic. For him, like logic but unlike set theory, mereology is “ontologically innocent”. In mereology, given certain objects, no further ontological commitment is required for the existence of their sum. On the contrary, by accepting set theory, given certai...

Lech Polkowski and Andrzej Skowron Institute of Mathematics Warsaw University Banacha 2, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland e-mail: [email protected] Abstract We propose a new approach to tasks of Distributed Artificial Intelligence (DAI). This approach is based on a novel idea of rough mereology which offers a framework for a rigorous (numerical) treatment of relations of being a part in a degree and al...

We show that under a small number of assumptions, it is possible to interpret truth in a context as a quantification over truth in 'atomic' or pointlike contexts, which are transparent to all the connectives. We discuss the necessary assumptions and suggest conditions under which they are intuitively reasonable. Introduction This note is inspired by the context logic originally introduced by J....

This paper is a systematic exploration of non-wellfounded mereology. Motivations and applications suggested in the literature are considered. Some are exotic like Borges’ Aleph, and the Trinity; other examples are less so, like time traveling bricks, and even Geach’s Tibbles the Cat. The authors point out that the transitivity of non-wellfounded parthood is inconsistent with extensionality. A n...

Pattern recognition methods for complex structured objects such as handwritten characters often have to deal with vast search spaces. Developed techniques, despite significant advancement in the last decade, still face some performance barriers. We believe that additional knowledge about the structure of patterns, elicited from humans perceptions, will help improve the recognition’s performance...