Effects of surface roughness on the optical scattering properties of ice crystals are investigated using a randomwave superposition model of roughness that is a simplification of models used in studies of scattering by surface water waves. Unlike previous work with models of rough surfaces applicable only in limited size ranges, such as surface perturbation methods in the small particle regime ...

The scattering properties of transparent conductive oxide (TCO) films into dielectric and semiconductor surrounding media are modeled and compared to experiment. The new approach is not only valid for smooth optical films but also for films with enhanced roughness in order to generate light trapping structures for thin film solar cells. ©2010 Optical Society of America. OCIS codes: (310.0310) t...

The objective of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effect of three surface treatments and two adhesive systems on the shear bond strength of old and freshly placed amalgam. The results suggested that the intact amalgam showed a significantly higher strength than repaired groups and the strongest repaired specimens were made when the amalgam surfaces were roughened with a diamond bur or mi...

Introduction: Surface roughness can increase the retention of castings by ridges and grooves that are microretentive. This study compared the retention of implant-supported crowns when used with 3 different surface roughness abutments and one temporary cement. Methods: Thirty solid abutments (ITI), 4 mm high, were divided into three groups randomly. In the first group, 10 abutments were roughen...

The recent well-publicised problem of early failure of the 3M Capital Hip has led both the public and orthopaedic surgeons to question the effectiveness of existing controls in the UK which govern the introduction of new pros-theses for joint replacement. It has also resulted in renewed demands for a National Hip Register, similar to those successfully developed by Sweden and Norway, 1,2 to pro...