Rural-urban migration remains a livelihood strategy employed by the rural populace in the densely populated southeastern region of Nigeria. This study appraises the impact of rural-urban migration on rural livelihoods in southeastern region of Nigeria. Questionnaire surveys on 225 heads of rural households and focus group discussions in each of the five states in the study area were used to eli...

The pressures for closer alignment between physicians and hospitals in both rural and urban areas are increasing. This study empirically specifies independent dimensions of physician and clinical integration and compares the extent to which such activities are practiced between rural and urban hospitals and among rural hospitals in different organizational and market contexts. Results suggest t...

The views and opinions expressed in this paper are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily correspond to the views or policies of the Department for International Development (DFID), UK. People mostly migrate in order to find better jobs. Rural life is changing fast. People are far less dependent on agriculture and related work. They increasingly depend on off-farm livelihoods, which ofte...

Migration, Self-Selection, and Income Distributions: Evidence from Rural and Urban China As massive rural residents leave their home countryside for better employment, migration has profound effects on income distributions such as rural-urban income gap and inequalities within rural or urban areas. The nature of the effects depends crucially on who are migrating and their migrating patterns. In...

This paper analyzes how low skill rural-urban migration in Brazil from 1986 to 2000 led to an increase in the labor supply of high skill women living in urban areas. Using weather shocks in rural areas and the distance between rural and urban municipalities as intruments, we are able to build an exogenous migration shock by skill and gender to cities. We show that cities that received proportio...

For an increasing number of women globalization has led to migration: more and more women are involved in internal, regional and international migration to find jobs and most of them are employed to do agricultural and domestic work. In this paper an attempt has been made to see the migration of Mexican women to urban informal sector particularly to Monterrey Metropolitan Region. The paper has ...

The present study measures levels of stigma within health care settings in urban and rural Gujarat, in an attempt to understand how this may have contributed to the state's increasing HIV incidence. Two sites were studied: a rural hospital in Bardoli and an urban hospital in Surat. HIV-associated stigma among healthcare workers (N=170) was assessed using a Stigma Index. Overall, analyses sugges...

BACKGROUND Fracture risk is rising in countries undergoing rapid rural to urban migration, but whether this reflects an adverse effect of urbanization on intrinsic bone strength, as reflected by bone mineral density (BMD), is currently unknown. METHODS Lumbar spine (LS) and total hip (TH) BMD, and total body fat and lean mass, were obtained from DXA scans performed in the Hyderabad arm of the...