A b s t r a c t The spectral function, measured in A(e, e ′ p) reactions, is distorted by the final-state interaction of the struck proton with the residual nucleus. This causes a broadening of the observed transverse-momentum distribution which is large even in the d(e, e ′ p) reaction. We discuss the effects of this p ⊥-broadening on the nuclear transparency measured in the recent NE18 experi...

We design an experiment to study the effects of transparency on bargaining processes. We show that whether transparency arrises endogenously depends on the degree of competition between subjects. In a competitive setting there is no transparency: subjects use private communication channels to compete for favors from those in power and establish backroom deals. In the absence of competition the ...

This paper is grounded in the empirical reality of a growing use of informationand communication technologies (ICTs) in public administrations. Generally, ICTs are being introduced in an organization in order to increase operational efficiency, quality, and transparency. But, besides these intended effects, the introduction of ICTs also leads to substantial changes in the power relationships am...

ao -d yn /9 40 50 01 2 M ay 1 99 4 Spectral Duality for Planar Billiards J.-P. Eckmann1;2 and C.-A. Pillet1 Dépt. de Physique Théorique, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Genève 4, Switzerland Section de Mathématiques, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Genève 4, Switzerland Abstract. For a bounded open domain with connected complement in R2 and piecewise smooth boundary, we consider the Dirichlet Lapla...

It is customary for the outgoing President of AIS to publish a report in CAIS on the activities during his or her tenure and on future directions for the organization. This is such a report. On becoming President I was fortunate in finding an organization in good shape thanks to the excellent work of my predecessors. Consequently, AIS faced no immediate crises and it was possible to focus on so...

If two neutral density (ND) filters overlap partially, the luminance of the overlapping region is given by a multiplicative relationship (e.g., if the filters have 50% transmittance then on a 100 cd m-2 background, the luminance of each filter would be 50 cd m-2 but the luminance of the overlapping region would be 50% of 50 cd m-2, i.e. 25 cd m-2). Does the visual system respect this relationsh...

In this article we calculate the skin depth of indium tin oxide ~ITO! films ~and related materials! as a result of free electron absorption within the visible spectrum using the simple Drude model. We also discuss the consequences of finite skin depth for the transparency of current spreading layers for light emitting diode ~LED! applications. Low sheet resistances are highly desirable for thes...