hyrcania (gorgan) has long attracted men of power due to its strategic and economic location. according to historical evidence, the iranian governments before the sassanid dynasty, attempted to dominate the region in order to consolidate their power. the sassanid dynasty, following the same policy of the former dynasties, not only established an important military base there but also constructe...

archaeological evidence from islamic era reflects trade contacts and flourishing commerce in the persian gulf. indeed, some regional infrastructures surviving from sassanian times could have acted as the basis for these interactions. mahruban is one of the most important ports in the persian gulf with evidence of extensive trade contacts with such neighboring ports as basra, siniz and ganaveh o...

introduction every day, we see the numerous works and articles which are published about shāhnāme. in this massive volume of writings, shāhnāme is in the center of attention and is viewed from different perspectives and angles: from the discussion on the words and lines of shāhnāme and to the reflections on its stories, characters and myths, from the ferdowsi’s life to the effect of the shāhnām...

This article lists a number of geological data on the conditions of formation of some major gold deposits in the conglomerates of the Earth's crust. We analyze the metallogenic, tectonic, stratigraphic and other factors controlling the formation of gold-bearing conglomerates in certain fields, such as the Witwatersrand (S. Africa) and Darwaz (Tajikistan). The following tectonic factors play the...

Islam spread rapidly after its founding, encompassing much of North Africa, the Middle East, and Southeast Asia. The art of this vast region draws its distinctive character both from Islam itself and from the diverse cultural traditions of the world’s Muslims. Because Islam discouraged the use of figurative images, particularly in religious contexts- unlike Christian art- Islamic artists develo...