this article examines the livelihood strategies of land scarce peasants in ethiopian. land scarce peasants have a limited livelihood security on a sustainable manner and bypassed by major development programmes. the study was centred on two sets of rationales. first, for those peasants who do not have sufficient farmland, agriculture provides only a limited portion of households’ livelihood sec...

That the scarcity of objects enhances their value is a widely known principle in the behavioral sciences. In addition, research has demonstrated that attaching high value to an object produces biased perceptions of its scarcity. Three studies applied this bidirectional link between scarcity and value to the meaning of death, testing the prediction that death represents the scarcity of life. In ...

The main part of our paper presents an analysis of women’s participation in the entrepreneurial process in the earliest stage – we were interested in gender differences with regard to the ability to create or start a new business. Our research is based on the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) project. The results of this analysis revealed that there are evident differences between male and ...

That the scarcity of objects enhances their value is a widely known principle in the behavioral sciences. In addition, research has demonstrated that attaching high value to an object produces biased perceptions of its scarcity. Three studies applied this bidirectional link between scarcity andvalue to themeaningofdeath, testing the prediction that death represents the scarcity of life. In Stud...

When the economy declines, racial minorities are hit the hardest. Although existing explanations for this effect focus on institutional causes, recent psychological findings suggest that scarcity may also alter perceptions of race in ways that exacerbate discrimination. We tested the hypothesis that economic resource scarcity causes decision makers to perceive African Americans as "Blacker" and...

Petrol scarcity is a malady and a serious economic problem in Nigeria. Successive governments have, often times, used it as a case for political advances, yet petrol scarcity remained an undefeatable macroeconomic monster in Nigeria. The need for petrol, its availability and affordability is obviously important especially as the risks and its attendant effects are undesirable. Thus, this invest...

Measuring poverty trends and dynamics is an important undertaking for reduction policies, which further highlighted by the SDG goal 1 on eradicating 2030. We provide a broad overview of pros cons imputation in data-scarce environments, update recent review papers, point to latest research topics. briefly two common uses methods that aim at tracking over time estimating dynamics. also discuss ne...

Does water scarcity induce conflict? And who would engage in a water scarcity conflict? In this paper we look for evidence of the relation between water scarcity and conflictive behavior. With a framed field experiment conducted with smallholder irrigators from semi-arid Tanzania that replicates appropriation from an occasionally scarce common water flow we assess what type of water users is mo...