The Issue and Why It’s Important Information on tattooing and piercing is typically included in screening interviews of prospective blood donors and can be used as a reason for deferral given possible associations with the transmission of a number of blood-borne infectious diseases.(3) Tattooing involves piercing of the skin with one or more needles that permanently imprint one or more pigments...

Purpose: The study aimed to overcome the seed dormancy of Datura stramonium L. by chemical scarification, pre-chilling, and different gibberellic acid (GA3) levels.
 Materials Methods: seeds were prechilled at 4°C 10°C for 7 days treated with sulfuric (97-98% H2SO4) 15 minutes, increasing doses GA3 (250, 500, 1000 ppm). Distilled water hydration untreated served as a control.
 Results...

Open lichen woodlands (LWs) are degraded stands that lack the ability to regenerate naturally due to a succession of natural and/or anthropogenic disturbances. As they represent both interesting forest restoration and carbon sequestration opportunities, we tested disc scarification and planting of two sizes of containerized black spruce (Picea mariana Mill. (BSP)) seedlings for their afforestat...

This article proposes a technique to calculate the coefficient of friction for the fingertip- object interface. Twelve subjects (6 males and 6 females) participated in two experiments. During the first experiment (the imposed displacement method), a 3-D force sensor was moved horizontally while the subjects applied a specified normal force (4 N, 8 N, 12 N) on the surface of a sensor covered wit...

Surface roughness and discoloration of thermally modified Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.), Kazdağı fir (Abies equi-trojani Asch. et Sint.), Eastern beech (Fagus orientalis Lipsky) were evaluated. The surface the samples sanded with 60, 80, 120-grit grades evaluated at temperature levels 160, 180, 200, 220 °C. Findings subjected to multiple analysis variance Duncan’s homogeneity tests; using SP...

Canna indicaL.roots are used for medicinal purpose. A decoction of the root with fermented rice is used in the treatment of gonorrhea and amenorrhea. The seed of canna is extremely hard, and needs to be "scarified" before sowing. The aim of the present investigation is to determine the hardiness problem of the seed. The seed sample was collected from the IARI, New Delhi in 2008. The wo...

We have established a mouse model of corneal fusariosis that permits the evaluation of fungal infection and pathogenesis. Corneas of immunocompetent and cyclophosphamide-treated adult BALB/c mice were topically inoculated with Fusarium solani after corneal scarification. Eyes were scored for corneal involvement daily for 8 days and at 2 weeks after infection. Eyes were enucleated at various tim...

CD8+ T cells have a critical role in antiviral immunity peripheral tissues, including skin. Using cutaneous vaccinia virus (VACV) infection model, we demonstrate that VACV immunization (with or with heterologous sequences) by skin scarification/ epidermal disruption (ss/ed) protected mice far more effectively against lethal respiratory challenge other viruses than routes of delivery intramuscul...