Hybrid speciation has played a significant role in the evolution of angiosperms at the polyploid level. However, relatively little is known about the importance of hybrid speciation at the diploid level. Two species of Penstemon have been proposed as diploid hybrid derivatives based on morphological data, artificial crossing studies, and pollinator behavior observations: Penstemon spectabilis (...

The present resume covers an up-to-date literature on Limnophila species. The botanical classification, ethnopharmacology, and chemical constituents of Limnophila plants, as well as the biological activities and pharmacological applications of both distinct phytochemicals and medicinally active plant materials (formulations, extracts, etc.) are discussed in detail.

Paulownia tomentosa is a large indecidous tree planted mostly for its fast growing wood and decorative purposes. The tree is also used in traditional Chinese medicine. As a part of our study of natural polyphenols, the fruits of Paulownia tomentosa were extracted by EtOH and than subjected to liquid/liquid extraction. Fractions were analysed by TLC and HPLC to determine presence of phenolic sub...

We are using the facultative hemiparasite, Triphysaria, as a model for studying host-parasite signaling in the Scrophulariaceae. Parasitic members of this family form subterranean connections, or haustoria, on neighboring host roots to access host water and nutrients. These parasitic organs develop in response to haustorial-inducing factors contained in host root exudates. A well-characterized ...

The bushhopper Phymateus leprosus (Fabricius) in the field shows a special appetite for the milkweed Asclepias fruticosa. Asclepiadaceae, like Apocynaceae and Scrophulariaceae, contain cardiac glycosides. Raw and purified extracts of these plants phagostimulate larval and adult P. leprosus. We also screened natural and half-synthetic compounds found in those plant extracts. While saponins and s...

Bulgarian medicinal plants, which have been studied during the last years, are reviewed. The review includes the following families: Amaryllidaceae, Asteraceae, Berberidaceae, Boraginaceae, Fabaceae, Geraniaceae, Lamiaceae, Oleaceae, Onagraceae, Scrophulariaceae, Solanaceae, Ranunculaceae, Rosaceae, Rutaceae, Valerianaceae, Zygophyllaceae. Main pharmacological properties are antiviral, antimicr...

DOWNIE, S. R., and MCNEILL, J. 1990. A note on the taxonomic status of Euphrasia randii (Scrophulariaceae). Can. J. Bot. 68: 1531-1535. A reexamination of the phenetic relationships among the previously recognized infraspecific taxa of Euphrasia randii using principal component analyses and four clustering methods indicates that the recognition of these infraspecific taxa is unwarranted. This c...

Verbascum species, the largest genus of the family Scrophulariaceae, have been used in traditional medicines for centuries in almost all parts of the world. In this paper, the usage, biological activities (antioxidant, anticholinesterase, antiinflammatory, antinociceptive, wound healing, cytotoxic, anticancer, antitumor, immunomodulatory, antimicrobial, antimalarial, anthelmintic, antiviral, an...

A new minor polyoxygenated triterpene named glutinolic acid (1) and two new aeginetic acid quinovosides (2, 3) were isolated from the roots of Rehmannia glutinosa LIBOSCH. (Scrophulariaceae) cultivated in Gunwi-gun, Korea. The structures of these compounds were established as 3α,19α,20β,24,30-pentahydroxyurs-12-en-28-oic acid (1, glutinolic acid), aeginetic acid 5-O-β-D-quinovoside (2) and aegi...