The ocean algorithm is based on the physical Radiative Transfer Model (RTM) described in Wentz and Meissner [2000]. The RTM consists of an atmospheric absorption model for water vapor, oxygen and liquid cloud water and a sea surface emissivity model that parameterizes the emissivity as function of sea surface temperature, sea surface salinity, sea surface wind speed and direction. The details o...

The ocean algorithm is based on the physical Radiative Transfer Model (RTM) described in Wentz and Meissner [2000]. The RTM consists of an atmospheric absorption model for water vapor, oxygen and liquid cloud water and a sea surface emissivity model that parameterizes the emissivity as function of sea surface temperature, sea surface salinity, sea surface wind speed and direction. The details o...

A scheme is proposed to desalinate sea water using solar energy for the Thar Desert of India. The scheme has been using solar energy for the Thar Desert of India. The scheme has been designed to produce about 5.25 x 10 m/yr (13860 MG/yr) of fresh water with 11.52 km (4.5 miles) of collector area. The solar collectors are rectangular concrete tubes, half buried in the ground, through which sea w...

The mining lease area of Surka [District Bhavnagar, Gujarat (India)] is located within 6-12 km horizontal distance of sea shore of Gulf of Cambay. Whenever, there will be onset of lignite extraction, there will be always a threat of sea water intrusion into the mining lease area due to its close proximity to seashore. This article describes the prediction of sea water intrusion into the lease a...

Fossil foraminiferal shells are utilized in paleoceanography to extract information about environmental conditions of the past ocean. Based on several assumptions, the ratio of C and C preserved in their shells is used to reconstruct, for example, the paleoproductivity or the oceanic pCO . Metabolism of the living organism and the sea water chemistry, 2 however, can influence the incorporation ...

The present paper explores the result of hygrothermic aging of polymethacrylimide (PMI) foam core sandwich composites immersed in different temperature deionized (DI) and sea waters. The prepared specimens were tested for moisture up-take behavior and the resulting property degradation in terms of flexural and flat wise compressive strength. The results indicate that the saturated hygroscopic t...

this study was carried out to investigate the occurrence of potentially pathogenic species of vibrio in sea water and estuarine environments of the caspian sea in the golestan province of iran. a total of 127 water samples from coastal waters as well as from river and estuaries were collected and analyzed by culture, during april and september 2001. following prompt centrifugation, the resuspen...

1. The electrolyte composition, the pH, and freezing points of the fluids of several invertebrates and one primitive chordate are reported. 2. Fluids of the worms, echinoderms, and the clam Venus were isotonic with sea water; fluids of the Arthropoda were hypertonic to sea water. 3. The pH of all fluids was below that of sea water. In the Arthropoda and Myxine less individual variation in pH ap...

The explosion of the Montserrat volcano (Caribbean Sea) could trigger a major landslide and lead to the generation of a tsunami in the Caribbean Sea. In the worst case scenario, the volume of material reaching the sea has been estimated at 80 millions of cubic meters. The sliding of this mass and the generation of the associated tsunami have been simulated numerically, assuming that the debris ...

Three species of amphibious sea kraits (Laticauda spp.) spend variable time at sea and require fresh water for water balance. Both the rate of cutaneous evaporative water loss and the extent of terrestriality are known to differ among them. Laticauda semifasciata has the greatest rate of water loss and the least extent of terrestriality, whereas L. colubrina exhibits the reverse and L. laticaud...