Over the past 50 years, large areas of agricultural land have been drained and put into intensive agricultural production. Increasing attention is now being paid to the issue of restoring wetland areas and promoting environmental benefits. Collective action is important for wetland restoration, both because of the physical interactions among landholders and because of the cost saving and enhanc...

To allow for the effective functioning of a state, measures are necessary to limit power government, securing people certain fundamental human rights. These limitations frequently referred as ‘constitutionalism’. This essay explores nature constitutionalism found in India, and specifically it has evolved through judicial interpretation—the process whereby decisions have given meaning content wr...

— Small-scale assemblers are both the most vilified and least understood actors in food value chains in Sub-Saharan Africa. Drawing on data from Kenya, Zambia, Malawi, and Mozambique, this article explores how maize assemblers influence the market access conditions of small-scale farmers. Assembly markets for maize are found to be highly competitive in terms of the number of traders operating a...

The costs of living with wildlife are assessed using Namibian subsistence farmers’ willingness to pay (WTP) for deterrents to attacks on crops and livestock as a measure of damage costs. A utility-theoretic approach jointly estimates household WTP for deterrent programs in two “currencies,” maize and cash. This has a double payoff. Use of a noncash staple increases respondent comprehension and ...

in the U.S. Southwest, and with farmers on an irrigation project in northern Pakistan. He is currently beginning research with small-scale farmers in Oaxaca, Mexico, on the role of yield stabilThe World’s Crop ity in farmer management of maize varieties and household risk, with the goal of identifying ways for farmers to work with formal plant breeders in developing improved varieties. Genetic ...

Natural resource degradation and water scarcity are a global concern, which typically threatens the sustainability of smallholder farmers’ livelihoods in semi-arid developing areas. As part of research efforts, a number of water-conservation technologies (WCT) have been developed, yet with low adoption rates in smallholder farming environments. This paper discusses the concepts of adoption and ...

An empirical model, based on the Theory of Planned Behaviour, was developed to test the hypothesis that differences in farmers goals, objectives and attitudes are a determinant of strategic and entrepreneurial behaviour and will, therefore, result in differences in farm size. The theory states that a person s behaviour results from his/her goals and intentions, attitudes, perceived behavioural ...

With Sarbanes–Oxley and other legislation, securing IT within a company has become law. This article takes a look at how compliance legislation can be used to get more support from the Board when it comes to security issues, and how information assets still need to be protected further. a 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.