the invention of polymerase chain reaction (pcr) has been a milestone in the history of biological and medical sciences. the applications of pcr have not only completely revolutionised the research in the field of molecular genetics as well as animal and plant biotechnology, but the technique has also proved its relevance and ingenious utility in other fields of forensic sciences, molecular sys...

PURPOSE The retina of some avian species contains two macular regions, making it an excellent model for retinal, and especially macular, development. Previous studies have provided evidence of the involvement of Pax6 in macular development. The purpose was to perform a comprehensive expression analysis of Pax6 isoforms in different regions of the pigeon retina. METHODS The different mRNA tran...

PURPOSE To study gene expression changes in the rat retina and choroid following transpupillary thermotherapy (TTT) and to identify molecular mechanisms that may enhance treatment of choroidal neovascularization, complicating age-related macular degeneration. METHODS One fundus of Brown Norway rats was treated with an 810 nm diode laser while the contralateral fundus received no treatment. Th...

soybean mosaic virus (smv) which belongs to the virus family potyviridae, causes a disease in soybean that is present in soybean-growing areas of the world, and is widely distributed in northern iran. detection of smv is very important for disease management. in the present study several serological and molecular (nucleic acid- based) methods of rapid virus detection were compared. serological ...

Abstract Maize is one of the three major crops worldwide based on its yield and quality. Starch crucial to both quality maize as it accounts more than 60% seed weight, structure influences crop. synthase I (SSI) contributes majority starch activity in endosperm. An in-depth understanding synthesis regulatory mechanism would provide opportunities for improving maize. In this study, ZmPLATZ2 , a ...

In this study we investigate the expression pattern of mucin genes in the human testis and evaluate the relationship between the expression of mucin genes and impaired spermatogenesis in the human testis. Thirty human testis tissues were collected from patients undergoing diagnostic testicular biopsy to investigate the cause of infertility. One part of the tissue underwent histological observat...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS The Tage4 gene (tumour associated glycoprotein E4) is overexpressed in rat colon tumours and Min mouse intestinal adenomas. The rat Tage4 protein has approximately 40% identity with human CD155, a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily coding for a transmembrane protein capable of serving as an entry receptor for poliovirus, porcine pseudorabies virus, and bovine herpesvir...

PURPOSE To identify the expression of chondroitin/dermatan sulfate proteoglycan decorin in retina and to elucidate its changes during development and ischemia-reperfusion. METHODS Expression of decorin in rat retina was investigated by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and immunohistochemistry. Distributional changes during development and transient ischemia in model ey...