Disease monitoring and surveillance play a crucial role in control and eradication programs, as it is important to track implemented strategies in order to reduce and/or eliminate a specific disease. The objectives of this study were to assess the performance of different statistical monitoring methods for endemic disease control program scenarios, and to explore what impact of variation (noise...

BACKGROUND India has an estimated 2.0 million to 3.1 million people living with HIV; it has the highest number of HIV-positive people in Asia and ranks third in the world. The Frontiers Prevention Project (FPP) was implemented in 2002 to conduct targeted prevention intervention geared towards female sex workers (FSW) and men who have sex with men (MSM) in the state of Andhra Pradesh (AP). This ...

BACKGROUND Diarrheal disease and its complications remain a major cause of morbidity and mortality in children. The prevalence and antibiogram of E. coli as causative agents of diarrhea vary from region to region, and even within countries in the same geographical area. OBJECTIVES To determine the serotype and antimicrobial susceptibility of E. coli in children under-five years of age. METH...

Rubella virus is a teratogen that may induce foetal death or Congenital Rubella Syndrome in the newborn. Studies carried out in Nigeria, have recorded 68.5% prevalence in pregnant women in the south-west and 54.1% in the North-west. There has been a dearth of information in the North central. Sentinel studies have placed the incidence of rubella on a seasonal distribution, with an average of 5-...

Theileria equi merozoite surface antigens have been an important candidate for development of diagnostics. We developed ELISA based on EMA-1 recombinant antigen, so as to widen our diagnostic confidence in detection of antibodies against T. equi in sero-surveillance studies. The 547 bp EMA-1 gene fragment encoding high hydrophilic antigenic region was expressed with glutathione-S-transferase ta...

The current study was carried out to determine the sero-prevalence and molecular detection of Brucella species in persons involved in pork production in Punjab state of India. The sample size was selected using survey toolbox and a total of 123 blood samples were collected from pig farmers and slaughter house workers. The serum samples were tested using Rose Bengal Plate Test (RBPT), Standard T...

Infections with hepatitis viruses are known to be prevalent in sub-Saharan Africa but in Benin, data on these infections are still scarce. The study was carried out to assess the burden of these infections in Cotonou. From June to October 2016, we conducted a cross-sectional study on 156 Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) infected patients attending the University Teaching Hospital and a private hospital ...

OBJECTIVES Cryptococcus neoformans is the most incriminated fungal pathogen causing meningitis in acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients, and is known to constitute a major cause of deaths in AIDS patients. This study thus aimed to determine the baseline sero-prevalence of Cryptococcus neoformans infection in anti-retroviral naïve (ART-naïve) AIDS patients using the serum Cryptococ...

BACKGROUND Brucellosis is an important zoonotic disease in developing countries yet it is often not recognized, goes unreported and does not attract public health action by these governments including Uganda. OBJECTIVE To estimate the sero-prevalence and assess modifiable risk factors associated with Brucella seropositivity in cattle keepers and consumers of unpasteurized milk in Uganda. ME...