The nasopharynx plays a critical role as the reservoir of Streptococcus pneumoniae, including drug-resistant strains particularly in children attending day care centers. A total 58 nasopharyngeal, multiresistant isolates of S. pneumoniae collected from healthy pre-school children were susceptible to linezolid (MIC = 0.25-1 mg/l), irrespective of serotype and drug resistance pattern. The majorit...

Emerging drug resistance in Salmonella Typhi and S. Paratyphi is a substantial public health concern. We report what appears to be the first case and isolation of multidrug resistant S. Paratyphi A carrying CTXM-15-type extended-spectrum beta-lactamase from a Japanese traveller returning from India.

background and objectives: taking into account a few principles concerning human being, it becomes plausible that the human spirit would also have a similar reaction to spiritual “medicine” provided to it. in order to better understand how this is possible, we must consider the means by which the human spirit becomes resistant to spiritual remedies and compare them with the resistance developed...

Salmonella is frequently reported as a cause of food-borne illness. The emergence of antimicrobial resistant Salmonella associated with meat products has heightened concerns regarding antimicrobial use in food animal production. Eighty Salmonella isolates recovered from fresh whole chicken carcasses purchased at retail outlets were examined for susceptibility to 18 antimicrobials. Fifteen serot...

BACKGROUND The virulence role of surface antigens in a single serotype of Klebsiella pneumoniae strain have been studied, but little is known about whether their contribution will vary with serotype. METHOD To investigate the role of K and O antigen in hyper-virulent strains, we constructed O and K antigen deficient mutants from serotype K1 STL43 and K2 TSGH strains from patients with liver a...

We describe a strain of Shigella dysenteriae serotype 7 which had novel biochemical and genetic characters. Unlike other S. dysenteriae, it produced gas, fermented mannitol, was a late-lactose fermenter and harboured the set 1A and set 1B genes. The significance of such atypical strains is that they are difficult to identify. If such strains are missed, they could prove to be a serious public h...

Introduction of 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in the United States was not associated with a significant change in prevalence of penicillin resistance in nonvaccine type serotypes because of the variable success of highly resistant serotypes. Differences in regional serotype distribution and serotype-specific resistance contributed to geographic heterogeneity of penicillin resistance.

conclusions the results of our study show that the resistances to doxycycline and tetracycline, which are mentioned in multiple resources, as the most common antibiotic drugs for treating cholera, are increasing. results in total, until october 22, 2011, which was announced as the end of outbreak, 9844 samples were taken from diarrheal patients. regarding the type of v. cholerae, 244 el tor bio...

A potential epidemic clone of Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium DT104, and the possible emergence of S. enterica serotype Typhimurium DT104b, has been identified from the characterization of 67 S. enterica serotype Typhimurium strains from three sources, human gastroenteritis isolates, isolates from food samples, and veterinary isolates, by antimicrobial resistance profiling, phage typin...