This paper aims to investigate the main socio­economic determinants of female age at first marriage in Chuadanga dis­ trict, Bangladesh, over the year 2005, and attempts to find some explanations for the differences in the age at marriage among socio­ economic characteristics. The findings of the multiple classification analysis (MCA) suggest that among all the variables analyzed in...

The goal of the study was to explore the content of on-line and off-line peer interactions among shy and non-shy adolescents. Participants were 148 ten-to-eighteen year old adolescents in Rome, Italy (n = 98) and Ottawa, Canada (n = 50). Participants completed self reports of shyness and loneliness and web logs of their interactions with friends both in person and on-line. Among the results, th...

Autoimmune encephalitis is a difficult clinical diagnosis due to the similarities in the clini­cal, imaging and laboratory findings of many forms of autoimmune and infectious encephalitis. Autoimmune encephalitis involves several types: The first group includes the classic paraneo­plastic disorders associated with antibodies to intracellular antigens. The second group involves autoanti...

Boldness, a measure of an individual's propensity for taking risks, is an important determinant of fitness but is not necessarily a fixed trait. Dependent upon an individual's state, and given certain contexts or challenges, individuals may be able to alter their inclination to be bold or shy in response. Furthermore, the degree to which individuals can modulate their behaviour has been linked ...

Animals foraging in groups can either search for food themselves (producing) or search for the food discoveries of other individuals (scrounging). Tactic use in producer-scrounger games is partly flexible but individuals tend to show consistency in tactic use under different conditions suggesting that personality might play a role in tactic use in producer-scrounger games. Here we studied the u...

A new study has shown that in the great tit (Parus major) bold males and shy females apparently flourish after rich winter pickings, while shy males and bold females profit from meagre winters. This groundbreaking work exemplifies the approach required for a biological understanding of an apparently common animal trait - personality.