In this paper we discuss the packing properties of invariant disks defined by periodic behavior of a model for a bandpass Σ–∆ modulator. The periodically coded regions form a packing of the forward invariant phase space by invariant disks. For this one-parameter family of PWIs, by introducing codings underlying the map operations we give explicit expressions for the centers of the disks by anal...

This paper introduces a new architecture for sensor interface circuits using a delta-sigma modulator. The three-level force feedback allows the use of a digital compensator to stabilize the loop. A 3rd-order delta-sigma structure shapes the opamp noise and allows two-chip implementation with high loop gain at low frequencies.

The DC content in single-bit domain is both undesirable and hard to remove. In this paper we propose a single-bit multiplierless DC-blocker structure. The input is assumed to be sigma-delta modulated bitstream. This DC-blocker is designed using a delta modulator topology with a sigma-delta modulator (SDM) embedded in its feedback path. Its performance is investigated in terms of the overall sig...

In this paper the spectral density of the additive jitter noise in continuous time (CT) Delta-Sigma modulators (DSM) is derived analytically. Making use of the analytic results, extracted in this paper, a novel method for elimination of the damaging effects of the clock jitter in continuous time Delta-Sigma modulators is proposed. In this method instead of the conventional waveforms used in the...

Oversampling a delta-sigma-modulated sequence, one can compute unbiased sample estimates of averages of consecutive input elements for a wide variety of inputs. We prove that these estimates are most e cient in their class (that is, variances of sample means are minimum in the class of random binary sequences gn, n = 1; : : : ; N , such that the expected values of gn are equal to the values of ...

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The effect of cross-phase modulation (CPM) on the soliton switching in fiber nonlinear couplers is analyzed by studying the evolution of the soliton parameters at different values of the ratio sigma between the CPM and self-phase modulation contributions. It is shown that the CPM effect may sufficiently modify the switching characteristics, and perfect switching is always achieved for sigma ? 1...

This paper proposes a feed-forward control in a halfbridge resonant dc link inverter. The configuration of feed-forward control is based on synchronous sigma-delta modulation and the halfbridge resonant dc link inverter consists of two inductors, one capacitor and two power switches. The simulation results show the proposed technique can reject non-ideal dc bus improving the total harmonic dist...

The sigma-receptor, a broadly distributed integral membrane protein with a novel structure, is known to modulate various voltage-gated K(+) and Ca(2+) channels through a mechanism that involves neither G proteins nor phosphorylation. The present study investigated the modulation of the heart voltage-gated Na(+) channel (Na(v)1.5) by sigma-receptors. The sigma(1)-receptor ligands [SKF-10047 and ...

INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................... 355 PROMOTER ST UCTURE ......................................................................... 356 THE REGULATION F E~TM TRANSCRIPTION I ITIATION ............................ 360 Negative Regulation of Transcription Initiation ............................................. 361 Positive Regulation...