The 3* nontranslated region of the genomes of Sindbis virus (SIN) and other alphaviruses carries several repeat sequence elements (RSEs) as well as a 19-nucleotide (nt) conserved sequence element (3*CSE). The 3*CSE and the adjoining poly(A) tail of the SIN genome are thought to act as viral promoters for negative-sense RNA synthesis and genome replication. Eight different SIN isolates that carr...

PURPOSE Recently, the application of replication-competent viruses has been studied as anticancer agents. Sindbis virus (SIN) is an RNA virus that belongs to the Alphavirus genus in the Togaviridae virus family. The AR339 strain of SIN has not been reported to induce any serious disease to humans. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN In this study, we evaluated the feasibility of the replication-competent SIN...

The values of sin 2α and sin 2β, where α and β are angles of the unitarity triangle, will be readily measured in a B factory (and maybe also in hadron colliders). We study the standard model constraints in the sin 2α − sin 2β plane. We use the results from recent analyses of fB and τb|Vcb| which take into account heavy quark symmetry considerations. We find sin 2β ≥ 0.15 and most likely sin 2β ...

Original antigenic sin describes a phenomenon in which the antibody response elicited in an individual after a secondary viral infection reacts more strongly to the viral variant that originally infected the individual. As T helper cells play critical roles in promoting antibody responses, a similar phenomenon may hold true for T helper cell responses. This concept is particularly relevant to t...

The well-known duality theorem of Pontryagin and van Kampen [27, 20] states that the characters of an Abelian locally compact group G also form a group Ĝ, and the group of characters of Ĝ is isomorphic to G. For non-Abelian groups, there is no such duality. In a few words, difficulties on this way arise from the fact that the dual space of a noncommutative group, however defined, has no natural...

Cytokinesis in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe is regulated by a signaling pathway termed the septation initiation network (SIN). The SIN is essential for initiation of actomyosin ring constriction and septum formation. In a screen to search for mutations that can rescue the sid2-250 SIN mutant, we obtained scw1-18. Both the scw1-18 mutant and the scw1 deletion mutant (scw1Delta mut...

Sinomenine (SIN) is a bioactive component derived from a Chinese medicinal plant. Our previous studies demonstrated that SIN has cytotoxic effects on human lung cancer cells. However, the antitumor molecular mechanisms of SIN have yet to be elucidated in detail. In the present study, we further explored the effects of SIN on NCI-H460 human lung cancer cell viability and apoptosis and investigat...