?-amylase inhibitory activities of ethanol extracts from six selected iranian salvia species (s. hydrangea dc., s. hypoleuca benth., s. officinalis l., s. reuterana boiss., s. verticillata l. and s. virgata jacq.) were examined, using in vitro model. in addition, antioxidant capacities (dpph• radical scavenging) and total flavonoid cotents of the extracts were also determined. the results showe...

DNA sequences of the first ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS1) were isolated from 10 ladybird beetle species (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) representing four subfamilies (Coccinellinae, Chilocorinae, Scymninae, and Coccidulinae). The spacers ranged in length from 791 to 2,572 bp, thereby including one of the longest ITS1s and exhibiting one of the most extreme cases of ITS1 size variation...

Copper-based fungicides reliably control various foliar diseases in citrus production, although they are suspected to exacerbate mite problems through various mechanisms. Studies have shown negative effects of various copper formulations on entomopathogenic fungi, nematodes, and parasitoids, but few have sought to measure its impact on the biology of predatory insects. We exposed the larvae of ...

Although dimeric natural products can often be synthesized in the laboratory by directly merging advanced monomers, these approaches sometimes fail, leading instead to non-natural architectures via incorrect unions. Such a situation arose during our studies of the coccinellid alkaloids, when attempts to directly dimerize Nature's presumed monomeric precursors in a putative biomimetic sequence a...

1049-9644/$ see front matter Published by Elsevier doi:10.1016/j.biocontrol.2009.05.008 * Corresponding author. Address: Biological Cont National Biological Control Laboratory, USDA-ARS, Mi Lee Road, Stoneville, MS 38776, USA. Fax: +1 662 312 We review aspects of the life histories of representative enemies of coccinellids (both entomophagous and phytophagous species) and expose both potential ...