Craniosynostosis (CS) is the second most prevalent craniofacial congenital malformation due to premature fusion of skull sutures. CS care requires surgical treatment variable complexity, aimed at resolving functional and cosmetic defects resulting from growth constrain. Despite significant innovation in management CS, morbidity mortality still exist. Residual cranial represent a potential compl...

A 13-mo-old intact male African lion (Panthera leo) presented with a 3-mo history of lethargy, ventral flexion of the neck, abnormal vocalization, and ataxia. Hemogram and serum biochemistries were within normal limits except for the presence of hypokalemia (2.7 mEq/L) and hypochloridemia (108 mEq/L). When no improvement was noted with oral potassium gluconate supplementation, a computed tomogr...

Chiari disease (or malformation) is in general a congenital condition characterized by an anatomic defect of the base of the skull, in which the cerebellum and brain stem herniate through the foramen magnum into the cervical spinal canal. The onset of Chiari syndrome symptoms usually occurs in the second or third decade (age 25 to 45 years). Symptoms may vary between periods of exacerbation and...

Syringomyelia is a center-medullary syndrome characterized by the presence of fluid-filled spaces known as syrinx within spinal canal. Arnold Chiari Malformation (CM-I), rhombencephalon anomaly formerly identified hindbrain hernia, usually associated with it. This disorder causes brain (cerebellum) to bulge through opening in skull foramen magnum. Some asymptomatic patients may develop symptoms...

A congenital defect that blocks the cerebrospinal fluid outflow is most common cause of hydrocephalus in young cats. It usually manifests itself within a few weeks birth. Diagnostic imaging essential. Therefore, it was decided to report on, for first time, clinical case Maine Coon foetus detected using ultrasound during pregnancy. difference between size skull bones foetuses recognised routine ...

abstract we had two cases of female complicated anorectal and genital malformations which underwent total mobilization of all structures of perinea to midline. case1: a 6 month old female with skin covered bladder, pubic diastasis, ectopic anus, vagina, and urethra to the right side of median cleft and lipoma on the left side. closure of pubic diastasis with iliac osteotomy and double barrel si...

Crouzon (1912), whose name has been given to the combination of developmental anomalies which he described as hereditary cranio-facial dysostosis, presented his first two cases to the Societe Medicale des H6pitals de Paris. The patients, a mother aged 29 years and her son aged 21 years, had a malformation of the cranial vault consisting of protrusion in the region of the bregma, widening transv...

the teratogenicity of cadmium exposure was studied in virgin nimri rats aged 10-13 weeks. pregnant animals were fed cadmium sulfate equivalent to doses of 1,4 and 7 mg/kg/day of cadmium by oral gavage on the day 7 of gestation. on the day 18 of gestation, fetuses were delivered and examined for external and skeletal malformations. total percent of malformed fetuses in rats treated by different ...

The Gamma Knife Check software is an FDA approved second check system for dose calculations in Gamma Knife radiosurgery. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the accuracy and the stability of the commercial software package as a tool for independent dose verification. The Gamma Knife Check software version 8.4 was commissioned for a Leksell Gamma Knife Perfexion and a 4C unit at the Univer...