In this study the effect of Al–5Ti–1B grain refiner on the structural characteristics and wear properties of Al–12Zn–3Mg–2.5Cu alloy was investigated. The optimum amount for Ti containing grain refiners was selected as 2 wt.%. T6 heat treatment, (i.e. heating at 460 °C for 1 h before water quenching to room temperature and then aging at 120 °C for 24 h) was applied for all specimens before wear...

This paper deals with the design of single fuzzy neural network (SFNN) with sliding mode control (SMC) systems by using the approach of sliding mode control. The fuzzy sliding mode control (FSMC) in the system guarantee the state can reach the user-defined surface in finite time and then it slides into the origin along the surface. The key idea is to apply parameters of the membership function ...

The effects of applied load, sliding speed and sliding distance on the dry sliding wear behavior of aged Al-SiCp-Gr composites were investigated. The specimen were fabricated by stir-casting technique. The pin-on-disc wear testing machine was used to investigate the wear rate by design of experiments based on L27 using Taguchi technique. Sliding distance was the most important variable that inf...

Muscle contraction results from attachment-detachment cycles between myosin heads extending from myosin filaments and actin filaments. It is generally believed that a myosin head first attaches to actin, undergoes conformational changes to produce force and motion in muscle, and then detaches from actin. Despite extensive studies, the molecular mechanism of myosin head conformational changes st...

Non-uniform grain boundary sliding can induce strain and rotation incompatibilities at perfectly planar interfaces. Explicit analytic expressions of stress and lattice rotation jumps are thus derived at a planar interface in the general framework of heterogeneous anisotropic thermo-elasticity with plasticity and grain boundary sliding. Both elastic fields are directly dependent on in-plane grad...

Sliding mode is used in order to retain a dynamic system accurately at a given constraint and is the main operation mode in variable structure systems. Such mode is a motion on a discontinuity set of a dynamic system and features theoretically-infinite-frequency switching. The standard sliding modes are known to feature finite time convergence, precise keeping of the constraint and robustness w...

The conventional sliding mode controller needs the exact knowledge of system state measurements. In this study, nonlinear second order systems with unmeasured system states and bounded external disturbances are considered. The sliding mode observer based on nonlinear observation error dynamics is considered and the observer gain is adjusted by using a support vector machine based plant model. F...

In this paper, the nonlinear sliding mode control (SMC) with mismatch disturbances is proposed. We treat the problem of control with this class of disturbances and the chattering phenomena. The proposed method attenuates the effect of both uncertainties, external disturbances and eliminates the chattering phenomenon introduced by classical sliding mode control. The model of a hydraulic system i...

Basal sliding is one of the most important components in the dynamics of fastflowing glaciers, but remains poorly understood on a theoretical level. In this paper, the problem of glacier sliding with cavitation over hard beds is addressed in detail. First, a bound on drag generated by the bed is derived for arbitrary bed geometries. This bound shows that the commonly used sliding law, τb = Cub ...

one of the most important challenges in nonlinear, multi-input multi-output (mimo) and time variant systems (e.g., robot manipulator) is designing a controller with acceptable performance. this paper focused on design a new artificial non linear controller with on line tunable gain applied in the robot manipulator. the sliding mode fuzzy controller (smfc) was designed as 7 rules mamdani’s infer...