In a survey of health and environmental conditions in the Butterley Foundries (Keatinge and Potter, 1945) one of the principal health risks to which the workers were exposed was found to be pneumoconiosis, and it was estimated that the potential dust risk of fettlers was many times greater than that to which other workers in the foundries were exposed. Sixty foundry men, divided into broad occu...

A geographical association between respiratory cancer and air pollution from steel foundries has been shown previously in Scotland and elsewhere. In the present study the iron-founding town of Kirkintilloch was found to have standardised mortality ratios (SMRs) for respiratory cancer in 1959-63, 1964-8, and 1969-73 that were unexceptional in comparison with Scotland. Nevertheless, when SMRs wer...

Abstract: structures in alloys. This method is based on pouring the melt through a small sized nozzle into a mould located at acertain height under the crucible. This simple method generates globular structures without using equipments such asimpellers, electromagnetic stirrers, ultrasonic probes and cooling slopes. Therefore it is cost effective. In the presentstudy, the effect of casting size...

From a circular economy perspective, the recovery and reuse of waste plays fundamental role. Foundries purchase hundreds millions siliceous sands every year to create molds cores that give shape casting. These sands, after several uses, become must be properly recovered or disposed of; they are called foundry (WFS). The WFS leads reduction in: (i) consumption raw materials; (ii) emissions into ...

Abstract Statistical quality control is used in foundries to identify special cause defects and root causes by correlating process input variations with casting defects. A difficulty exists associating data collected individual cast parts as the are processed through foundry then out into supply chain. Typically, alphanumeric labels for marking castings manual identification of route-paper base...

The outdoor sculpture of the first Portuguese king, D. Afonso Henriques (c. 1109–1185 AD), placed in Guimarães (North Portugal), is one most emblematic national sculptures. Created 1887 by António Soares dos Reis, it possesses a remarkable symbolic value presumed birthplace king. In addition to artistic and heritage importance monument, few sculptures cast industrial foundry 19th century. This ...

A new method for fabricating analog light modulators on VLSI devices is described. The process is fully compatible with devices fabricated by commercial VLSI foundries, and the assembly of the modulator structures requires a small number of simple processing steps. The modulators are capable of analog amplitude or phase modulation and can operate at video rates and at low voltages (2.2 V). The ...