Root activity can modify the chemistry of the rhizosphere and alter phosphorus (P) availability and uptake. However, until recently, relatively little was known about the dynamics of soil solution P at the root surface because of our inability to measure in situ changes in solution P at the plant root. A mini-rhizotron experiment with corn (Zea mays L. cv. Stine 2250), soybean [Glycine max (L.)...

Post-Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) land may provide an excellent opportunity to satisfy certified organic crop production requirements. However, conversion of CRP or long-term pastureland to certified organic production will require tillage because the use of herbicides is prohibited in organic production. Our objectives were to evaluate stand establishment, weed competition, yield, and gr...

regulation) or hormonal signals indicating satiety, a fulfilling of current nutritional requirements (metabolic Neutral detergent fiber (NDF) is considered the laboratory mearegulation) (Van Soest, 1994). The concentration of sure most closely correlated with voluntary intake of forages by rumiNDF is the most common selection criterion to improve nant livestock. The objectives of this study wer...

Many croplands planted to perennial grasses under the Conservation Reserve Program are being returned to crop production, and with potential consequences for water quality. The objective of this study was to quantify the impact of grassland-to-cropland conversion on nitrate-nitrogen (NO3-N) concentrations in soil and shallow groundwater and to assess the potential for perennial filter strips (P...

In grasses, food reserves in crowns and rhizomes support herbage production and allow regrowth in the spring. One important factor leading to the relative competitiveness of Kentucky bluegrass and smooth brome is that they initiate spring regrowth earlier than their native counterparts in the mixed-grass prairie. It still remains to be tested if there is a greater biomass investment to crowns o...

A former lectotype for Bromus cincinnatus Ten. (Poaceae) has been superseded, as it is in serious conflict with the protologue. Another element of protologue designated effective lectotype. The new identified coespecific intermedius Guss., a Mediterranean species L. subg. Bromus. combination Helictochloa panormitana (Lojac.) Romero Zarco proposed originally described Avena australis Parl., nom....

Stockpiling herbage can redistribute nutrient availability and supplement quantity for livestock, depending on production objectives. Brassicas (Brassica spp.) and improved prairiegrass (Bromus catharticus Vahl.) cultivars are adapted to growing conditions occurring in the Appalachian region and provide nutritionally valuable herbage in autumn; however, highly digestible brassica herbage may re...