This article presents the results of a research project on design particular value capture instrument in form development obligation. has been modelled to part betterment engendered by tourism-oriented plans. The subsequently explores potential applying this levy interest social goals, thus complementing traditional municipal funding sources. concept is applied Urban Zoning Plan Planning Unit 1...

This article develops an economic theory of expressive law. By expressing social values, law can tip a system of social norms into a new equilibrium. This process can create or destroy a social norm without changing individual values. In addition, law can change the individual values of rational people. Internalizing a social norm is a moral commitment that attaches a psychological penalty to a...

Obligation is displayed toward rules or requirements of formalized roles stemming from membership in society, whereas loyalty is shown to persons and is founded upon communal commitment to them. Loyalties entail obligations, but the converse does not necessarily hold. While one may have obligations toward everyone, it is neither conceptually nor psychologically possible to be loyal to all perso...

MEDICC Review: WHO defi nes social accountability of medical schools as the obligation to orient teaching, research and service activities to addressing the priority health needs of the communities they have a mandate to serve, defi ning those needs in collaboration with government, health service organizations, health professionals and the public.[1] How does this contribute to making universa...

This study aimed to 1) examine relationships between uncertainty, perceived information, personal values, social support, and filial obligation among Chinese family caregivers faced with nursing home placement of an older adult family member with dementia; and 2) describe the applicability of the Decisional Conflict Scale in nursing home placement decision making among Chinese family caregivers...

This paper is about control mechanisms for virtual organizations. As a case study, we discuss the Renewables Obligation (RO), a control mechanism that was introduced in the United Kingdom to stimulate the production of renewable energy. We apply a conceptual model based on normative multiagent systems (NMAS). We propose to model both the participants and the normative system as autonomous agent...

A moral paradigm shift has been proposed for participation in health-related research. It's not just a praiseworthy option, some say; it's a social obligation. Recasting research participation in this way would have global ramifications, however. Who ultimately stands to gain the most from it, and who has the most to lose?

The purpose of this 2-year, 3-wave longitudinal study of Chinese American adolescents was to examine how family obligation behaviors and attitudes change over time; how gender, nativity, and birth order predict these trajectories; and whether family obligation relates to depressive symptoms. Findings suggest that family obligation behaviors decreased over the 2-year period but that family oblig...