Salt-affected soils, those on which plant growth is limited by an excess of salts, are of three types: (i) saline soils in which electrical conductivity is > 4 dSm 1; (ii) sodic soils in which the exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP) is > 15; and (iii) saline-sodic in which the electrical conductivity (EC) is > 4 dSm 1 and ESP is > 15. Salt-affected soils are most common in aridic moisture regi...

Though more costly than petroleum-based fuels and a minor component of overall military fuel sources, biofuels are nonetheless strategically valuable to the military because of intentional reliance on multiple, reliable, secure fuel sources. Significant reduction in oilseed biofuel cost occurs when grown on marginally productive saline-sodic soils plentiful in California's San Joaquin Valley (S...

Afforestation, settled before 60–90 years and adjacent solonetzic grasslands, representing the natural vegetation cover were compared in this study based on their basic soil characteristics (pH, CaCO3 content, organic carbon (SOC), exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP)) up to 2 m depth. The assumption was that plantings of arbour can change sodic soils not only superficial layers but even larger...

Soil salinity is a key abiotic stressor that negatively impacts plant growth and restricts land use by causing degradation (Gamalero, et al. [1]). Saline sodic soils are characterized their high soluble salt content pH, respectively, which result in imbalances nutrient cycling reduced organic content, carbon stocks, microbial activity the soil [3].

Management of large volumes (60,000 ha-m) of co-production water associated with coal bed natural gas (CBNG) water extraction is a potential concern in the Powder River Basin (PRB) of Wyoming and Montana due to elevated water salinity and sodicity levels. Land application of saline-sodic CBNG water is a common water management method being practiced in the PRB, which can result in deterioration...

Salinization is the accumulation of water-soluble salts in the soil solum or regolith to a level that impacts on agricultural production, environmental health, and economic welfare. Salt-affected soils occur in more than 100 countries of the world with a variety of extents, nature, and properties. No climatic zone in the world is free from salinization, although the general perception is focuse...