The tunneling between the two ground states of an Ising ferromagnet is a typical example of many-body tunneling processes between two local minima, as they occur during quantum annealing. Performing quantum Monte Carlo (QMC) simulations we find that the QMC tunneling rate displays the same scaling with system size, as the rate of incoherent tunneling. The scaling in both cases is O(Δ^{2}), wher...

A variational ν = 2/3 state, which unifies the sharp edge picture of MacDonald with the soft edge picture of Chang and of Beenakker is presented and studied in detail. Using an exact relation between correlation functions of this state and those of the Laughlin ν = 1/3 wavefunction, the correlation functions of the ν = 2/3 state are determined via a classical Monte Carlo calculation, for system...

The carboxyl (HOCO) radical, which is an important species in atmospheric chemistry and combustion, is an intermediate in the reaction: CO + OH → CO2 + H and serves as a hydrogen donor to the reaction partners. The cis-HOCO radical, one of the ground-state HOCO radicals, is supposed to be decomposed into CO2 and the hydrogen atom by a tunneling effect. In order to prove the hypothesis, we perfo...

The paper describes a new approach to calculating the currents in a pn-diode based on the extension of the Shockley-Read-Hall recombination-generation model. The presented theory is an alternative to Schenk’s model of trap-assisted tunneling. The new approach takes into account generation and recombination as well as tunneling processes in pn-junctions. Using this model, the real “soft” I-V cur...

In the soft-wet environment of biomolecular electron transfer, it is possible that structural fluctuations could wash out medium-specific electronic effects on electron tunneling rates. We show that beyond a transition distance (2-3 A in water and 6-7 A in proteins), fluctuation contributions to the mean-squared donor-to-acceptor tunneling matrix element are likely to dominate over the average ...

Developments and constructions on soft ground pose great challenges in the field of geotechnical engineering. Although is no longer considered a new concern developments constructions; there are many issues that may crop up repeatedly if proper planning, analysis, design, construction control supervision not implemented. This paper presents common faced aims to provide some insights good design...

We show that the vibrations of a nanomechanical resonator can be cooled to near its quantum ground state by tunneling injection of electrons from a scanning tunneling microscope tip. The interplay between two mechanisms for coupling the electronic and mechanical degrees of freedom results in a bias-voltage-dependent difference between the probability amplitudes for vibron emission and absorptio...