Currently gravity irrigation remains the most widely used in agricultural areas and 90 percent of plantings, the water is applied to the plots by gravity. One of the main problems with these systems is erosion, which is a by product of the erosive forces of water over the row, which brings soil loss and therefore decreases in crop yield. Erosion is the removal of surface soil material caused by...

Land use change may influence many natural phenomena and ecological processes, including runoff, soil erosion, sedimentation and soil conditions. Decreasing of forest area in the North of Iran is one of the critical problems in recent years. The aims of this study are to detect land use changes between 1967 to 2002 using satellite images of Land Sat 7 ETM+ (2002), aerial photos and digital topo...

The freeze-thaw (FT) erosion is a type of soil erosion like water erosion and wind erosion. Limited by many factors, the grading evaluation of soil FT erosion quantities is not well studied. Based on the comprehensive analysis of the evaluation indices of soil FT erosion, we for the first time utilized the sensitivity of microwave remote sensing technology to soil moisture for identification of...

Soil erosion by wind is a serious problem in many parts of Europe and leads to degradation of the resource soil. In order to achieve sustainable land use, tools to identify problem areas and to evaluate environmental sound management practices are needed and necessary. Until now no wind erosion measurements have been carried out in Austria. For the fist time assessment of soil erosion by wind h...

There is a need in many emerging nations to develop simple methods for predicting areas of extensive soil erosion using imprecise, but real-world, input data at low cost with considerable Ž . accuracy. The objectives of this study are to 1 develop fuzzy logic models that predict soil Ž . erosion in a relatively large watershed using a limited number of input variables, 2 determine the Ž . effec...

soil erosion results from an interaction of several parameters, which vary in space and time. awareness ofenvironmental changes and their impact on the intensity and spatial pattern of water erosion can effectively help inrecognition of erosional reactions versus the affecting factors. the aim of this paper is to describe the development ofa methodology based on present knowledge and available ...

Soil erosion is one of the most critical environmental hazards of recent times. A large area suffers from soil erosion, which in turn, reduces productivity. Methods such as the Universal Soil Loss Equation or Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation are widely used for the estimation of soil erosion from catchment areas. The paper deals with the estimation of soil erosion using Universal Soil Loss ...

the rate of soil erosion and sediment yield estimation in the catchment areas is considered as an important factor for soil and water conservation practices. due to difficulties and restrictions in common soil erosion methods, applying a high accuracy method with lowest cost and time consuming would be necessary. assessment of soil loss in hilly areas with capacity of rang land that has changed...

OBJECTIVES To assess differentials in the poisoning rates of children aged 0-4 years according to residential location and geographical remoteness. DESIGN Cross sectional study based on hospitalizations. SETTING Australia. SUBJECTS Children aged 0-4 years admitted to hospital due to poisoning during the financial year 1996-97. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Crude rates of hospitalization. RESU...