Engine management systems (EMS) need feedback on combustion performance to optimally control internal combustion engines. Ion sensing is one of the cheapest and most simple methods for monitoring the combustion event in a spark ignited engine, but still the physical processes behind the formation of the ionization current are not fully understood. The goal here is to investigate models for ioni...

This paper presents calculations of a pulverized coal flame and a coal-fired utility boiler with advanced combustion technologies. A combustion model based on an extended Eddy Dissipation Concept (EDC) combined with finite rate chemistry is described and some applications are shown. This model can be regarded as an extension of the previously used Eddy Breakup model (EBU) where infinite fast ch...

Pollution controls were implemented to improve the air quality for the 2014 Youth Olympic Games (YOG) in Nanjing. To investigate the influence of pollution control on Pb inhalation bioaccessibility in PM2.5, samples were collected before, during, and after YOG. The objectives were to identify Pb sources in PM2.5 using stable isotope fingerprinting technique and compare Pb inhalation bioaccessib...

An adequate treatment of thermal radiation heat transfer is essential to a mathematical model of the combustion process or to a design of a combustion system. This paper reviews the fundamentals of radiation heat transfer and some recent progress in its modeling in combustion systems. Topics covered include radiative properties of combustion products and their modeling and methods of solving th...

GdCaAl3O7:Eu red nano-phosphors were synthesized by solution combustion using urea as fuel. Fourier-transform infrared, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscope and photoluminescence spectrophotometer were used to characterize the obtained samples. XRD patterns revealed that GdCaAl3O7:Eu pure phase was formed by combustion of metal nitrate solution in th...