Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) and Coronavirus Pandemic (COVID-19) have affected the international trade environment e-commerce activities in world. This article describes effect of restrictions caused by COVID-19 facilities provided Artificial Intelligence (AI) applications within scope 4 th economy BRICS member countries South Africa (SA). A performance evaluation was performed with non-p...

An effective governance structure is central to growth, sustainable development and equal income distribution (economic welfare) (Glass & Newig, 2020). Brazil-Russia-India-China-South Africa (BRICS) countries differ in with varying outcomes on economic welfare. This article explores the extent which impacts welfare BRICS viewed as an emerging powerhouse, significant growth prospects — yet d...

This article attempts to examine the recent developments that have amplified consequences of uncertainty regarding trade between Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa (BRICS) countries under global economic turmoil such as occurred in 2008 financial crisis wars sparked by USA COVID-19 pandemic. These events severely affected intraBRICS investment. For this purpose, we employed Westerl...

Purpose The study aims to determine whether there is a bidirectional causality relationship between health expenditures and per capita income in Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa Turkey (BRICS+T). Design/methodology/approach For that purpose, the 2000–2018 period data of variables were tested with Kónya (2006) panel test. Additionally, relationships public private also investigated stu...

background: the acceptance of hiv testing among patients with tuberculosis (tb) is low in south africa. the aim of this study was to assess the prevalence, associated factors and reasons of non-uptake of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) testing by tuberculosis public primary care patients in three districts, south africa. methods:   in may-october 2011, this cross-sectional survey was conduct...

The emergence of the BRICS (Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa) as an alternative force to West has ignited a debate within discipline international political economy on nature group’s rise. Global governance scholars either role in transforming world order (playing game) or focus domestic sources nations’ preference formation (the position states game). This article goes beyond game...

BRICS has commonly been framed through a strictly economic perspective, with focus on the growth patterns of individual members: Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa. Viewed in this fashion, grouping is judged negative manner, sense disappointment frustration. Yet, wider diplomatic context, image quite different, an accent several features that cast more positive interpretation. BRICS...

This paper examines the role of the global institutional frameworks on the national processes of innovation diffusion. we focus on the influence of the Kyoto mechanisms on the diffusion of renewable energy technologies in the BRICS countries i.e. Brazil, China India, Russia and South Africa. Our preliminary analysis suggests that the Kyoto Mechanisms may support...

This article proposes the establishment of a prize fund to incentivise public health research within the BRICS association, which comprises the five major emerging world economies: Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa. This would stimulate cooperative healthcare research within the group and, on the proviso that the benefits of the research are made freely available within the associat...