Introduction There are persistent gaps in access to affordable medicines. The WHO Model List of Essential Medicines (EML) includes medicines considered necessary for functional health systems. Methods A generic price estimation formula was developed by reviewing published analyses of cost of production for medicines and assuming manufacture in India, which included costs of formulation, packa...

There is a slow but steady rise in the case detection rates of melioidosis from various parts of the Indian sub-continent in the past two decades. However, the epidemiology of the disease in India and the surrounding South Asian countries remains far from well elucidated. Multi-locus sequence typing (MLST) is a useful epidemiological tool to study the genetic relatedness of bacterial isolates b...

BACKGROUND Rates of self harm are high in south India, but little is known about the relationship between antecedent behaviour, suicidal intent and method. Aims: To identify clinical, social and behavioural antecedents preceding an act of self-harm. METHODS 200 participants, consecutively presenting with deliberate self harm to a hospital in south India,were interviewed. Socio-demographic and...

Financial inclusion/exclusion has recently been emphasised as an important policy option aimed at alleviating poverty, minimising social exclusion and enhancing economic growth. In this article, we review the growing interest in financial exclusion and inclusion, define them and demonstrate their existence in developing and developed countries. Our empirical focus is on whether financial inclus...

This study reexamines the causal link between electricity consumption, economic growth and CO2 emissions in the BRICS countries (i.e., Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa) for the period 1990– 2010, using panel causality analysis, accounting for dependency and heterogeneity across countries. Regarding the electricity–GDP nexus, the empirical results support evidence on the feedback h...

Department of Non-Communicable Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK, National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council for Medical Research, Hyderabad, India, Public Health Foundation of India, New Delhi, India, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK, Department of Anthropology, University of Delhi, Delhi, India, South...

Background and Importance Cerebral phaeohyphomycosis is a rare but frequently fatal clinical entity caused by dematiaceous fungi like Cladophialophora bantiana. Clinical signs and symptoms related to fungal brain abscess can be subtle, and its imaging appearance may be indistinguishable from those of other intracranial mass lesions. Still, recognition of typical imaging patterns on CT and MRI ...

BACKGROUND Major increases in HIV-1 prevalence in India have been predicted. Incident infections need to be tracked to understand the epidemic's course, especially in some southern states of India where the epidemic is more advanced. To estimate incidence, we investigated the prevalence of HIV-1 in young people attending antenatal and sexually transmitted infection (STI) clinics in India. MET...

Landslides – mass movements of rock, debris or earth down a slope – are worldwide phenomena which cause significant damage and an estimated 5000 fatalities each year. They are caused by the interplay of various natural and anthropogenic factors and occur under diverse geoenvironmental conditions. In India, landslides occur primarily in the Himalayas of North India and in the Western Ghats of So...

[1] Air from South Asia carries heavy loadings of organic and light-absorbing aerosol but low concentrations of ozone. We investigate ambient pollutant concentrations measured during the IndianOcean Experiment (INDOEX), andwe estimate emissions to determine the origin, magnitude, and impacts of air pollution from South Asia and to understand better the uncertainty in emission inventories. In In...