L-Dopa and amantadine hydrochloride were separately given to patients with diverse extra-pyramidal disorders including progressive supranuclear palsy; porto-systemic encephalopathy; oculogyric crises; drug-induced Parkinsonism; Huntington's chorea, hemiballismus; spasmodic torticollis, familial tremor; and athetosis. Akinesia and rigidity were improved in the first two conditions and simultaneo...

A number of studies have been reported in the literature on epidemics of tremor, jumping, spasmodic coughing, hysterical convulsions, fainting, and similar disorders. Burnham has reported the results of a survey of such epidemics in The Normal Mind.1 The studies surveyed were made for the most part during the last decade of the nineteenth century and are to be found largely in the German litera...

cure spasmodic and convulsive diseases by purgatives, and having lost one or two children, when treated according to the principles laid down by the most celebrated practitioners who have written upon the subject, I was determined, the first opportunity that offered, to investigate anatomically the nature of these diseases, in hopes that a more successful practice might be deduced from appearan...

Description and quantification of the symptoms of adductor spasmodic dysphonia often reflect the clinician's knowledge of the disorder, ideas about the cause of the disorder, and personal experience. No reliable instrument that identifies and quantifies the spectrum of perceptual symptoms has been available. Therefore, we developed a standardized measure called the Unified Spasmodic Dysphonia R...

BACKGROUND Spasmodic torticollis refers to involuntary dystonic movements of the head that may be associated with certain body and neck positions. The pathophysiology of dystonia is not fully known. CASE REPORT We report a case of torticollis that was unusual in the sense that it occurred only when the patient was lying on one side. DISCUSSION The cause of the cervical dystonia in this pati...