background: malaria is well known for its fatalities worldwide, plasmodium vivax and the plasmodium falciparum are the two important species of malaria reported from pakistan and creating lots of morbidities across the country. method: study was conducted to determine the surveillance of malaria in south punjab by microscopy and polymerase chain reaction (pcr). result : 40 samples out of 100 pa...

Cenchrus is an important component of major grass cover of world. Similar to the other major tropical grasses most of the species in genus Cenchrus are also apomictic in nature hence correct and precise identification of accessions and species are problematic and dubious. In the present study 187 decamer oligonucleotide primers were tested for PCR-based DNA amplification of six prominent specie...

We used PCR to differentiate species in the genus Phytophthora, which contains a group of devastating plant pathogenic fungi. We focused on Phytophthora parasitica, a species that can infect solanaceous plants such as tomato, and on Phytophthora citrophthora, which is primarily a citrus pathogen. Oligonucleotide primers were derived from sequences of a 1,300-bp P. parasitica-specific DNA segmen...

Systematic computer alignment of mycoplasmal 16S rRNA sequences allowed the identification of variable regions with both genus- and species-specific sequences. Species-specific sequences of Mycoplasma collis were elucidated by asymmetric amplification and dideoxynucleotide sequencing of variable regions, using primers complementary to conserved regions of 16S rRNA. Primers selected for Mycoplas...

background systemic candidiasis is a major public health concern. in particular, in immunocompromised people, such as patients with neutropenia, patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids) and cancer who are undergoing antiballistic chemotherapy or bone marrow transplants, and people with diabetes. since the clinical signs and symptoms are nonspecific, early diagnosis is often diff...

Reef- building coral harbor communities of photosynthetic taxa of the genus Symbiodinium (zooxanthellae). The genus Symbiodinium is currently classified into nine genetic clades (A–I). Various corals harbor different Symbiodinium clades some show specificity to single strain. Coral and their zooxanthellae are sensitive to environmental stresses. In the Persian Gulf, coral reefs are subject to h...

Due to their high degree of polymorphism, microsatellites are considered useful tools for studying population genetics. Nevertheless, studies of genetic diversity in stingless bees by means of these primers have revealed a low level of polymorphism, possibly the consequence of the heterologous primers used, since in most cases these were not specifically designed for the species under considera...