This paper examines the use of Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) services as core assets in a Software product Line (SPL). After a brief introduction to the main concepts of SOA and SPL, the paper identifies a small set of decisions that are required before implementation of SOA-SPL systems. These decisions have to do with 1) the mapping of SOA concepts to the SPL framework, and 2) an initial...

A centerpiece of modern software development is refactoring. Software Product Lines (SPLs), a major software development paradigm, lack tools to refactor Java SPL codebases. X15 introduces our new set of design guidelines, techniques, and language constructs to (1) express feature-based Java SPLs using only Java custom annotations, (2) view programs of the SPL, (3) edit views, automatically pro...

Aerodynamic bogie noise was quantitatively estimated at a wayside observation point by using spatial distribution of the sound pressure level (SPL) obtained two-dimensional microphone array in wind tunnel test. In order to evaluate SPL, it is necessary appropriately consider generation and field with respect various acoustic properties such as ground reflection insertion loss side cover. this s...

In software product line (SPL) development, evolutions occur in core assets and application products. How to ensure their alignment in evolution is a big challenge. Products in an SPL share a reference architecture, which centers in SPL development and evolution, so architectural evolution management is a natural and essential choice for SPL. In this paper, we propose an architecture-based evol...

Composition of requirements models in Software Product Line (SPL) development enables stakeholders to derive the requirements of target software products and, very important, to reason about them. Given the growing complexity of SPL development and the various stakeholders involved, their requirements are often specified from heterogeneous, partial views. However, existing requirements composit...

The SBP-box transcription factor SQUAMOSA PROMOTER BINDING PROTEIN-LIKE8 (SPL8) is required for proper development of sporogenic tissues in Arabidopsis thaliana. Here, we show that the semisterile phenotype of SPL8 loss-of-function mutants is due to partial functional redundancy with several other members of the Arabidopsis SPL gene family. In contrast with SPL8, the transcripts of these latter...

Vascular calcification (VC) is a critical complication in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). The effects of spironolactone (SPL), a mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) antagonist, on VC have not been fully investigated in CKD. The present in vivo study determined the protective effects of SPL on VC in CKD rats. Rats were divided into a control group and four groups of rats with adenine-ind...

The right hemispheric dominance in visuospatial attention in human brain has been well established. Converging evidence has documented that ventral posterior parietal cortex (PPC) plays an important role in visuospatial attention. The role of dorsal PPC subregions, especially the superior parietal lobule (SPL) in visuospatial attention is still controversial. In the current study, we used repet...

Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a potent lipid signaling molecule that regulates pleiotropic biological functions including cell migration, survival, angiogenesis, immune cell trafficking, inflammation, and carcinogenesis. It acts as a ligand for a family of cell surface receptors. S1P concentrations are high in blood and lymph but low in tissues, especially the thymus and lymphoid organs. S1P...

A software product line (SPL) usually involves a shared set of core assets and a series of application products. To ensure consistency, the evolution of the core assets and all the application products should be coordinated and synchronized under a unified evolution process. Therefore, SPL evolution often involves cross-product propagation and synchronization besides application derivation base...