Purpose – Sport celebrities often endorse their team, their sport, and non-sports-related products. Increased idolizing of sport celebrities by adolescents is one artifact of this promotional practice. Although seemingly innocuous, adolescents who idolize sport celebrities may, as adults, come to worship such celebrities; this unhealthy obsession may afflict 10 percent or more of adults. If ado...

The relationship between sport and the environment has been primarily examined to understand how impacts natural environment. However, as influence of climate change become more apparent, there is a need establish systematic understanding on operations sport. aim this review take stock existing literature change's organized competitive entities, with further attention paid their adaptation effo...

Selection, the tendency of some traits to become more frequent than others in a population under the influence of some (natural or artificial) agency, is a key component of Darwinian evolution and countless other natural and social phenomena. Yet a general theory of selection, analogous to the Fisher-Tippett-Gnedenko theory of extreme events, is lacking. Here we introduce a probabilistic defini...

This paper presents many common areas of interest of different specialists. There are problems described from sport, biomechanics, sport biomechanics, sport engineering, robotics, biomechanics and robotics, sport biomechanics and robotics. There are many approaches to sport from different sciences and engineering. Robotics is a relatively new area and has had m...

Every 4 years we enjoy the extraordinary abilities of Olympic athletes, wondering how many gold medals Michael Phelps will win or how fast Usain Bolt will run the 100 metres. Talking about running, as the most natural sport, with no additional equipment, have you ever wondered why there are no Europeans, Asians or even east Africans ranked among the world’s best 100 metre sprinters? Although th...

Foot injuries and deformations are more frequent at higher levels of sport climbing. These are accepted as unavoidable because it is assumed that, for optimal performance, a prerequisite is the wearing of a shoe, which is too tight and has an unnatural shape. Based on a biomechanical analysis, we came up with a different approach to shoe design. By using regional thinning of the sole, easy flex...

Competition is a natural part of human nature. Techniques and substances employed to enhance athletic performance and to achieve unfair success in sport have a long history, and there has been little knowledge or acceptance of potential harmful effects. Among doping practices, blood doping has become an integral part of endurance sport disciplines over the past decade. The definition of blood d...

BACKGROUND The contribution of sport to overall health-enhancing leisure-time physical activity (HELPA) in adults is not well understood. The aim was to examine this in a national sample of Australians aged 15+ years, and to extend this examination to other ostensibly sport-associated activities. METHODS The 2010 Exercise, Recreation and Sport Survey (ERASS) was conducted by telephone intervi...

The natural history, behavior, and ecology of double-crested cormorants (Phalacrocorax auritus) predispose this species for conflict with human sport and commercial fisheries. Cormorants breed early in life, have large broods, are efficient predators even in marginal conditions, seem to be able to adjust colony sizes quickly in response to local conditions, and have limited requirements for fee...

The purpose of this study was to enhance understanding of how parents are socialized by their children's organized youth sport participation. Five semistructured focus groups were conducted with youth sport parents (N = 26) and analyzed using qualitative methods based on Strauss and Corbin (1998). Sixty-three underlying themes reflected parents' perceived socialization experiences resulting fro...