The spring-mass model is often used to describe bouncing gaits. Although at first inspection the mechanical system appears simple, the solution to the motion cannot be derived easily. An analytical solution would provide a fast and intuitive method to determine the kinetic and kinematics of the centre of mass of terrestrial animals during over-ground steady state locomotion. Here, an analytical...

The high current properties of a micro spring pressure contact are characterized. The spring has large compliance (>30 μm) compared to other packaging technologies and fits in a 180 μm pitch 2d array. At 250 mA and 65 ̊C, daisy chains of 134 spring contacts in a silicon package show stable resistances and hotspot temperature rises of less than a degree. At 1 amp, failure near the spring tip or ...

Reich, T. E., S. L. Lindstedt, P. C. LaStayo, and D. J. Pierotti. Is the spring quality of muscle plastic? Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol 278: R1661– R1666, 2000.—During locomotion, major muscle groups are often activated cyclically. This alternate stretch-shorten pattern of activity could enable muscle to function as a spring, storing and recovering elastic recoil potential e...

Quantitative force measurements performed using the atomic force microscope AFM inherently rely on calibration of the AFM cantilever spring constant to convert the measured deflection into a force. Here, we examine the effect of cantilever tilt and induced torque on the effective normal spring constant resulting from variable placement of the tip probe, as is frequently encountered in practice....

The simplest model possible for bouncing systems consists of a point mass bouncing passively on a mass-less spring without viscous losses. This type of spring-mass model has been used to describe the stance period of symmetric running gaits. In this study, we investigated the interaction between horse and rider at trot using three models of force-driven spring (-damper)-mass systems. The first ...

OBJECTIVES (a) To determine the force-time trace that occurs when a spring mounted simulated upper jaw is impacted; (b) to examine if mouthguards of variable quality have significant influence on such force-time traces; (c) to attempt to relate physical events to the profile of the force-time traces recorded. METHODS A simulated jaw, consisting of ceramic teeth inserted into a hard rubber arc...

background: different environmental conditions, such as high temperature or exposure to some chemical agents, may affect the force decay of different methods of space closure during orthodontic treatment. the aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the force decay pattern in the presence of tea as a popular drink in some parts of the world and two mouthwashes that are usually prescribed by t...

This paper demonstrates the use of potential functions of molecular modeling in mass-spring systems. In mass-spring systems, force acting on each mass point is determined by the spring length between linked mass-points. In molecular modeling, forces are calculated using bond length (spring length), bond angle and stretch-bond interactions. Molecular modeling therefore provides more accurate for...