Background and objectives: To date, thousands of secondary metabolites have been isolated from plants and microorganisms and there is an unprecedented attention towards potential biomedical applications of natural compounds. In this study, cytotoxic properties of methanol extracts of Stachys obtusicrena, Aristolochia olivieri, Linum album, Dionysia sawyeri, Ajuga chamaecist...

water soluble chitosan oligosaccharide (cho) was hydrophobically modified with camptothecin (cpt) in different molar ratios of cpt, and characterized by ft-ir and 1 h-nmr spectroscopy. nanomicelles prepared by these copolymers were analyzed for size, zeta, and length of time they remain stable. the critical micelle concentration (cmc) and dissociation of micelles at physiological ph and acidic ...

Biopharmaceutical proteins are usually produced by culturing recombinant Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells. High producer cell lines screened from transfected cells with random integration of target genes. Since transgene expression is susceptible to the surrounding environment integrated genomic locus, should be selected a large number heterogeneous insertion. In contrast, targeted into charac...

Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell lines represent the most commonly used mammalian expression system for the production of therapeutic proteins. In this context, detailed knowledge of the CHO cell transcriptome might help to improve biotechnological processes conducted by specific cell lines. Nevertheless, very few assembled cDNA sequences of CHO cells were publicly released until recently, whic...

Background: PhiC31 integrase is a DNA site-specific recombinase integrates DNA into the chromosomes between the two sites of attB and attP. Several pseudo attPs have been identified in mammalian genomes with critical features for long-term expression of transgene. In this manuscript, we report a novel intrinsic pseudo attP site named CHOL1 in the Chi...

Developing stable Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell lines for biotherapeutics is an irreversible process and therefore, key quality attributes, such as sequence variants, must be closely monitored during cell line development (CLD) to avoid delay in the developmental timeline, and more importantly, to assure product safety and efficacy. Sequence variants, defined as unintended amino acid substit...

objective: understanding gene expression variations by using rna transcript analysis methods during hepatic viral protein interactions with the ifn pathway in hepatic cell lines has recently gained importance. one of the most powerful techniques in gene expression quantification is quantitative real-time rt-pcr. reference genes used as normalizer in this method may be affected across various ex...

Heparin is the most widely used pharmaceutical to control blood coagulation in modern medicine. A health crisis that took place in 2008 led to a demand for production of heparin from non-animal sources. Since Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells are capable of producing heparan sulfate (HS), a related polysaccharide naturally, and heparin and HS share the same biosynthetic pathway, we hypothesized...

Backround Glycosylation of protein therapeutics is influenced by a multifaceted mix of product intrinsic properties, host cell genetics and upstream process parameters. Industrial CHO cell lines may have several deficits in their glycosylation pattern for some applications, like high fucose content (corresponding to a low ADCC profile) and low galactosylation and sialylation levels (proposed to...

Background The use of biopharmaceutical products that comprise therapeutic antibodies are increasing in the pharmaceutical industry. Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell lines are widely used in the field of pharmaceutical industry to produce therapeutic antibodies. CHO DG44 cell line is a dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR)-deficient line, which is frequently used as a host cell while applying the gene...