Chemokines and their receptors are involved in the pathogenesis of renal diseases. They mediate leukocyte recruitment and activation during initiation as well as progression of renal inflammation. Infiltrating leukocyte subpopulations contribute to renal damage by releasing inflammatory and profibrotic cytokines. All intrinsic renal cells are capable of chemokine secretion on stimulation in vit...

BACKGROUND Although Aboriginal adults have a higher risk of end-stage renal disease than non-Aboriginal adults, the incidence and causes of end-stage renal disease among Aboriginal children and young adults are not well described. METHODS We calculated age- and sex-specific incidences of end-stage renal disease among Aboriginal people less than 22 years of age using data from a national organ...

cystatin c is a 13 kd basic protein that is a member of the cystatin superfamily of cysteine protease inhibitors. the cystatin c gene seems to be a house keeping gene, which is compatible with a stable production rate of cystatin c by most cells. this protein is freely filtered through the glomerulus and almost completely reabsorbed and catabolized by proximal tubular cells. because of these ch...

Background Considering the significant geographical and ethnical differences in pattern of incidence, etiology and outcome of chronic kidney disease (CKD), the present study aimed to assess the etiology and outcome of CKD in Iranian children. Materials and Methods In a cross-sectional study etiology and outcome of 372 children aged 3 months to 18 years with CKD was studied during the period 199...

Chronic renal failure (CRF) is defined as a progressive and persistent deterioration in renal function with serum creatinine consistently greater than 175μmol (Adelakun and Akinsola, 1988). It occurs as the termination of many chronic renal diseases, and is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in Africa (Kadiri, 2001). End stage renal failure may be defined as creatinine clearance of l...

The prevalence of renal disease continues to increase worldwide. When normal kidney is injured, the damaged renal tissue undergoes pathological and physiological events that lead to acute and chronic kidney diseases, which frequently progress to end stage renal failure. Current treatment of these renal pathologies includes dialysis, which is incapable of restoring full renal function. To addres...

In 1981 over one billion dollars will be spent sustaining the lives of patients with end-stage renal disease by hemodialysis and renal transplantation, but less than 0.02% of this amount will be invested in studies of nephrotoxicity (1). Any knowledge of the effect of industrial waste on human kidney disease gained from this miniscule effort will probably be serendipitous. Our monumental ignora...

The redox equilibrium is crucial for the maintenance of immune homeostasis. Here, we summarize recent data showing that oxidation regulates T-cell functions and that alterations of the redox equilibrium may play an important role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory conditions affecting the kidneys. We further discuss potential links between oxidation, T cells and renal diseases such as systemic...