A marked decrease in the content of ceramide has been reported in the horny layer of the epidermis in atopic dermatitis (AD). This decrease impairs the permeability barrier of the epidermis, resulting in the characteristic dry and easily antigen-permeable skin of AD, since ceramide serves as the major water-holding molecule in the extracellular space of the horny layer. On the other hand, the s...

Soap as a cleaning product has been the primary needs since spread of Covid-19. Government regulations require people to wash their hands. Hence demand for soap production is increasing. This study aimed obtain Traveling Paper formulation from VCO and durian seeds antibacterial activity on skin. The experimental laboratory method uses quantitative qualitative descriptive analysis. treatment in ...

A 67-year-old man with a 10-year history of flexural blistering eruptions also affecting 3 of his brothers was first evaluated in 1987. The patient presented with vesicles, erosions, and erythema in the intertriginous areas but also as multiple truncal plaques (Figure 1). Biopsy specimens showed intraepidermal clefts of varying sizes both suprabasally and higher in the epidermis, as well as the...

Bullous impetigo due to Staphylococcus aureus is one of the most common bacterial infections of man, and its generalized form, staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome (SSSS), is a frequent manifestation of staphylococcal epidemics in neonatal nurseries. Both diseases are mediated by exfoliative toxins (ETs), which show exquisite pathologic specificity in blistering only the superficial epidermis. ...

The innate immune system of the skin is thought to depend largely on a multi-layered mechanical barrier supplemented by epidermis-derived antimicrobial peptides. To date, there are no reports of antimicrobial antibody secretion by the epidermis. In this study, we report the expression of functional immunoglobulin G (IgG) and immunoglobulin A (IgA), previously thought to be only produced by B ce...

A multiplex PCR method, aimed at the detection of genes associated with biogenic amine production, identified the odc gene encoding ornithine decarboxylase in 1 of 15 strains of Staphylococcus epidermidis. The ability of the positive strain, S. epidermidis 2015B, to produce putrescine in vitro was demonstrated by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). In this strain, the odc gene was de...

This review presents recent evidence of impaired Notch signalling in atopic dermatitis (AD), which is proposed to represent the "a-topic" defect linking both epidermal and immunological barrier dysfunctions in AD. AD epidermis exhibits a marked deficiency of Notch receptors. Mouse models with genetically suppressed Notch signalling exhibit dry skin, signs of scratching, skin barrier abnormaliti...

The Filicium decipiens (umbrella sunshade) tree, known as ormo kiara or ki soap, belongs to the Sapindaceae family, namely saponin-producing plants which are estimated have high levels of saponins and toxicity. This study aims determine antibacterial activity ethyl acetate fraction parasol leaves against Staphylococcus epidermidis. extract was macerated using methanol a solvent. results phytoch...