this paper presents a macro model to predict unreinforced masonry structures in plane behavior. the model is based on the concept of multilaminate theory. in the past, the method has been used to model behavior of soil, disregarding the cohesion and the tensile strength. regarding its mathematical base, and the possibility of applying in other cases, this method is used to predict the ultimate ...

Historic buildings have their own specialized and traditional techniques used in their construction. These are not generally practiced in modern buildings. Working with stone is very technical, laborious and time consuming job. It needs sensitivity and perfection both at workers 8and supervisor level. It is required to prepare different stone members in exactly the same size, proportion and des...

Building stones and clay-rich Nile mud were ancient Egypt’s main raw construction materials. While the mud was easily accessible along the Nile river valley, the immense quantities of the different stone materials used for construction of the famous pyramids, precious temples and tombs needed a systematic quarrying organization, well arranged transport logistics over extreme distances and a hig...

This study discusses the experimental assessment of in-plane mechanical behavior a multi-leaf stone masonry wall built from cut and reinforced with metal connectors (cramps dowels). Inspired by conventional walls, is meant for use in modern buildings. The constructed two parallel load-bearing walls cavity between them, which aims to conceal installation insulation needed are connected cramps do...

Microorganisms can be responsible for the destruction of cultural heritage, together with several environmental conditions, ageing and the chemical structure of substrate. There is a number of reviews giving a comprehensive picture of the role of microorganisms in the degradation of art objects, such as paintings, stone, wood, paper, masonry, leather, parchment, glass and metal (Bock and Sand, ...

The destruction of Amatrice and the surrounding villages in Central Italy after 2016 seismic sequence was so impressive that engineers, authorities local communities started sharing common feeling historical stone masonry buildings were too below current safety standards. severe damage caused by earthquakes led to a general distrust traditional building techniques, leading conclusion there is n...

Abstract—In this paper, a procedure for the evaluation of seismic behavior of slender masonry structures (towers, bell towers, chimneys, minarets, etc.) is presented. The presented procedure is based on a full three-dimensional modal analyses and frequency measurements. As well-known, masonry is a composite material formed by bricks, or stone blocks, and mortar arranged more or less regularly a...

Unreinforced masonry (URM) walls strengthened with composites were tested to failure at a decommissioned building in St. Louis, Missouri. The walls were subjected to out-of-plane loading. Previous work on URM as well as reinforced masonry walls strengthened with FRP laminates has shown remarkable increases in capacity and ductility. However, most of this research work has been conducted in the ...

Abstract. The paper proposes an approach for defining a generative modelling process of complex objects and their sharing. case study is the Stronghold Arquata del Tronto, monument extraordinary historical, cultural landscape value, damaged by earthquake in 2016. first step has been data acquisition on geometrical level, through laser scanner UAV photogrammetry, historical archival research to ...

Abstract This paper focuses on the in-plane behaviour of rubble stone masonry with lime mortar strengthened different solutions. For that, 12 wall specimens, construction features typical ancient historic buildings Southern Portugal and Mediterranean countries, were subjected to quasi-static cyclic tests. The applied retrofit solutions are specific for buildings, such as injection FRCM systems,...