Significant increases in activities of epoxide hydrolase, UDP-glucuronosyltransferase, and glutathione 5-transferase, and marked reductions in cytochrome P-450 mixed-function oxidase systems occur in hyperplastic nodules induced in rat liver by chemical mutagens. In contrast, activities of both oxidative (Phase I) and conjugative (Phase II) enzymes are decreased in hepatocellular carcinomas ind...

Kim EY, Choi K-J, Dryer SE. Nephrin binds to the COOH terminus of a large-conductance Ca -activated K channel isoform and regulates its expression on the cell surface. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 295: F235–F246, 2008. First published May 14, 2008; doi:10.1152/ajprenal.00140.2008.—We carried out a yeast two-hybrid screen to identify proteins that interact with large-conductance Ca -activated K (B...

Erectile dysfunction (ED) drugs have been used for treatment of erectile dysfunction which affects the lives of approximately 300 million men worldwide. It is well known that the cytosolic glutathione Stransferase (GST) and glutathione metabolizing enzymes play an important role in the detoxification of many endogenous and exogenous compounds. Therefore, the present study aims at investigating ...

The processes by which insects cope with toxic chemicals in their environment are commonly classified as class 1 and 2 reactions (Dauterman and Hodgson 1978). Class 1 reactions include oxidations, reductions, and hydrolyses. By these processes, a hydrophilic group is added onto the foreign molecule and the molecule is then eliminated. Class 2 reactions consist of conjugations, i.e., glutathione...

Chronic consumption of aflatoxin-contaminated foods is a global problem in both developing and developed countries especially where there is poor regulation of their levels in foods. In the body, aflatoxins (AFBs) mainly AFB1 are biotransformed to various metabolites especially the active AFB1-exo-8,9-epoxide (AFBO). The AFB, AFBO and other metabolites interact with various biomolecules in the ...

A major objective in the characterization of protein kinase activity is to determine phosphoamino acid identity in substrate proteins. Several fundamentally different phosphoamino acid analysis (PAA) procedures are available to identify phosphorylated amino acids (2,3). Phosphoamino acids can be released from proteins by partial hydrolysis (4) and identified directly by oneor two-dimensional hi...

Nature 340:245-246. 5.Hagman, J., C. Belanger, A. Travis, C.W. Turck and R. Grosschedl. 1993. Cloning and functional characterization of early B-cell factor, a regulator of lymphocyte-specific gene expression. Genes Dev. 7:760-773. 6.Lebkowski, J.S., S. Clancy and M.P. Calos. 1985. Simian virus 40 replication in adenovirus-transformed human cells antagonizes gene expression. Nature 317:169-171....

The effects of feeding p-methoxyphenol, benzyl isothiocyanate, coumarin, a-angelicalactone, 2-fert-butyl-4-hydroxyanisole, and 3-ferf-butyl-4-hydroxyanisole on the glutathione Stransferase activity and sulfhydryl levels of esophagus and small bowel mucosa of ICR/Ha mice have been investigated. p-Methoxyphenol, benzyl isothiocyanate, coumarin, and 2-tertbutyl-4-hydroxyanisole increased glutathio...

Brucellosis is a reemerging worldwide zoonotic disease and the occurrence of the disease in humans is largely dependent on the animal reservoir [1]. In human it is mainly caused by Brucella melitensis. The highest rate of human infection is mainly in those areas where rates of brucellosis in sheep and goats are high [2,3] as sheep and goats are main reservoir of B. melitensis [4]. The preventio...

Background: tumor-related methylated dna and circulating tumor cells (CtC) in the peripheral blood might be of prognostic importance in breast cancer. thus, the aim of our study was to examine free methylated dna and CtC in the blood from breast cancer patients and to correlate it with clinicopathological features known to influence prognosis. Materials and Methods: we prospectively obtained se...