OBJECTIVE To investigate whether multiple sessions of 1-Hz repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) facilitates the effect of repetitive facilitation exercises on hemiplegic upper-limb function in chronic stroke patients. DESIGN Randomized double-blinded crossover study. PATIENTS Eighteen patients with hemiplegia of the upper limb. METHODS Patients were assigned to 2 groups: a ...

OBJECTIVE To examine goal attainment scaling for evaluation of treatment for upper limb post-stroke spasticity with botulinum toxin-A. DESIGN Secondary analysis of a multi-centre double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial. SETTING Six outpatient clinics in Australia. PARTICIPANTS Patients (n=90) completing per protocol 2 cycles of treatment/placebo. Mean age 54.5 (standard...

PURPOSE Motivated by a prior successful randomized controlled trial showing that functional electrical stimulation (FES) therapy can restore voluntary arm and hand function in people with severe stroke, this study was designed to examine neuromuscular changes in the upper limb following intensive FES therapy, consisting of task-specific upper-limb movements with a combination of preprogrammed F...

Introduction Up to 80% of post-stroke patients present upper-limb motor impairment (ULMI), causing functional limitations in daily activities and loss independence. UMLI is seldom fully recovered after stroke when using conventional therapeutic approaches. Functional Electrical Stimulation Therapy (FEST) controlled by Brain–Computer Interface (BCI) an alternative that may induce neuroplastic ch...

OBJECTIVE To compare the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of treating upper limb spasticity due to stroke with botulinum toxin type A plus an upper limb therapy programme with the upper limb therapy programme alone. DESIGN A multicentre open-label parallel-group randomised controlled trial and economic evaluation. SETTING Twelve stroke services in the north of England, UK. PA...

Poststroke spasticity affects up to one-half of stroke patients and has debilitating effects, contributing to diminished activities of daily living, quality of life, pain, and functional impairments. Botulinum toxin (BoNT) is proven to be safe and effective in the treatment of focal poststroke spasticity. The aim of this review is to highlight BoNT and its potential in the treatment of upper an...

Abstract Background Stroke patients often present with upper limb spasticity which impairs the functional status of patients. Recently, extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) is reported to be a safe, non-invasive, alternative treatment for spasticity. Many articles have been published on effect ESWT lower spasticity, but only few them had focused so aim this study evaluate clinical and elect...

objetives: recovery of upper limb motor function in stroke is limited. different approaches are used to improve the upper limb function, but none has satisfactory results. the present study investigated the effect of task related training and role of hand dominance in upper limb motor function rehabilitation in stroke population. methods: a convenient sample of 32 subjects divided into 4 groups...