Earth's orbit and axial tilt imprint a strong seasonal cycle on climatological data. Climate variability is typically viewed in terms of fluctuations in the seasonal cycle induced by higher frequency processes. We can interpret this as a competition between the orbitally enforced monthly stability and the fluctuations/noise induced by weather. Here we introduce a new time-series method that det...

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We present the results of a Bayesian analysis of solar neutrino data in terms of νe → νμ,τ oscillations, independent from the Standard Solar Model predictions for the solar neutrino fluxes. We show that such a model independent analysis allows to constraint the values of the neutrino mixing parameters in limited regions around the usual SMA, LMA, LOW and VO regions. Furthermore, there is a stro...

Present status, and future plans for Double Beta Decay searches are reviewed. Given the recent observations of neutrino oscillations, a possibility to observe ββ(0ν) at a neutrino mass scale suggested by present experimental results (mν ≈10-50 meV) could actually exist. The achievement of the required experimental sensitivity is a real challenge faced by a series of new proposed projects. Plans...

Five years (1979–83) of satellite ocean color data from the coastal zone color scanner (CZCS) data are used to calculate cross-shelf transects of phytoplankton pigment concentrations in the California Current and quantify their seasonal and interannual variability. Alongshore means over six regions, Washington– northern Oregon (48.4–42.88N), Cape Blanco to Cape Mendocino (42.8–40.48N), northern...

Prediction of Indian summer monsoon rainfall (ISMR) is at the heart of tropical climate prediction. Despite enormous progress having been made in predicting ISMR since 1886, the operational forecasts during recent decades (1989-2012) have little skill. Here we show, with both dynamical and physical-empirical models, that this recent failure is largely due to the models' inability to capture new...

Seamounts have generally been identified as locations that can promote elevated productivity, biomass and predator biodiversity. These properties attract seamount-associated fisheries where elevated harvests can be obtained relative to surrounding areas. There exists large variation in the geological and oceanographic environment among the thousands of locations that fall within the broad defin...

A positive Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) and a warm phase of the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) reduce rainfall over the Indian subcontinent and southern Australia. However, since the 1980s, El Niño's influence has been decreasing, accompanied by a strengthening in the IOD's influence on southern Australia but a reversal in the IOD's influence on the Indian subcontinent. The dynamics are not f...