Lesions were placed in the paramedian pontine reticular formation ( PPRF ) of monkeys and the resulting gaze palsies studied. Brainstem regions were identified by single cell recordings before kainic acid was injected to selectively destroy neuronal cell bodies in the vicinity. Unilateral PPRF lesions led to a loss of all rapid eye movements towards the ipsilateral side. Deficits were identical...

Recognition of axial spondyloarthritis (SpA) remains challenging, as no unique reference standard is available to ascertain diagnosis. Imaging procedures have been used for long in the field, in particular pelvic radiography, to capture structural changes evocative of sacroiliitis, the key feature in SpA. The introduction of MRI of the sacroiliac joints (SIJs) has led to a major shift in recogn...

the aim of this retrospective statistical study was to determine the prevalcence and frequency of age and sex distributions of pemphigus disease. pemphigus disease classified as autoimmune bullous dermatoses which is a chronic mucocutaneous disease.this study was performed in razi hospital and department of oral pathology of dental school, tehran university of medical sciences. the most frequen...

dermatitis artifacta is a factitious dermatological disorder with many forms of presentation of self inflicted skin lesions in any part of the body. dermatitis artefacta is a difficult condition for diagnosis and treatment mostly because of the patient's denial. the liaison among primary care physicians, psychiatrists and dermatologists can be important in the management of these patients. in t...

BACKGROUND Pediatric seizures in developing countries are often poorly investigated and consequently poorly managed. Sociocultural misconceptions, financial difficulties, and lack of facilities are often blamed. This study studies the structural intracranial abnormalities associated with pediatric seizures and the proportion of these structural lesions that may benefit from surgery. METHODS P...

BACKGROUND Structural lesions are found in about 30% of surgical specimens resected for intractable temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). Detailed presurgical evaluations can identify the epileptogenic foci, the structural lesions and their correlation. Different surgical approaches have variable seizure control outcomes. METHODS The preoperative investigations for the intractable TLE consisted of se...

background: imaging studies performed in research centers suggest a high prevalence of brain structural abnormalities in patients with epilepsy. however, the results of research studies may not be directly applicable to general clinic, because they may perform on patients with high probability of cerebral abnormalities. on the other hand, more advanced modalities are likely to be used in resear...

Background: Considering the prevalence of skin lesions and drug eruptions in intensive care units and the absence of research about it, we decided to study skin lesions of patients admitted in intensive care unit. Patients and Methods: In this descriptive study all patients admitted in intensive care units of Al-Zahra Hospital in Isfahan in 1376-78 were observed and examined by a resident in De...