نتایج جستجو برای: structural versus non
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There is growing concern about how participation in contact sports affects the brain. Retrospective evidence suggests that contact sports are associated with long-term negative health outcomes. However, much of the research to date has focused on former athletes with significant health problems. Less is known about the health of current athletes in contact and collision sports who have not repo...
Robins (1993, 1994, 1997, 1998ab) has developed a set of causal or counterfactual models, the structural nested models (SNMs). This paper describes an alternative new class of causal modelsthe (non-nested) marginal structural models (MSMs). We will then describe a class of semiparametric estimators for the parameters of these new models under a sequential randomization (i.e., ignorability) assu...
This study compares X-12-ARIMA and MING, two new seasonal adjustment methods designed to handle outliers and structural changes in a time series. X-12-ARIMA is a successor to the X-ll-ARIMA seasonal adjustment method, and is being developed at the U.S. Bureau of the Census (Findley et al. (1988)). MING is a “Mixture based Non-Gaussian” method for sea* sonal adjustment using time series structur...
A widely used performance criterion in high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) is the information limit. It corresponds to the inverse of the maximum spatial object frequency that is linearly transmitted with sufficient intensity from the exit plane of the object to the image plane and is limited due to partial temporal coherence. In practice, the information limit is often mea...
BACKGROUND Major depressive disorder (MDD) and anxiety disorders are highly co-morbid. Research has shown conflicting evidence for white matter alteration and amygdala volume reduction in mood and anxiety disorders. To date, no studies have examined differences in structural connectivity between anxious depressed and non-anxious depressed individuals. This study compared fractional anisotropy (...
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